Warm floor under furniture - conditions under which it is possible, laying the floor

Warm floors are divided into two categories: water and electric. The essence of the work of a water-heated floor is that warm water circulates through metal or plastic pipes, thereby heating the floor. The electric underfloor heating differs in that heating elements are connected to the network, which heat up and, through this, heat the floor. Today we will consider only the electric type of warm floor, is it possible to install furniture on it? If so, how and under what conditions.

Preparatory work

It is necessary to perform a number of preparatory work before laying pipes for a warm water floor. Moreover, they occupy the lion's share of the labor costs of the entire installation.

Leveling the floor

First of all, the old screed is completely removed. If the base surface is not even enough, a new layer of leveling screed is required. Floor drops should not exceed 7-8 cm. This rule also applies to bulk floors. Slight differences in the floor can be filled with sand, thereby avoiding filling the leveling screed.

A layer of waterproofing is laid on the leveled surface. In this case, it is necessary to launch on walls 15-20 cm, and overlap the strips of material. The joints of the film are glued with tape or special tape.

Following the waterproofing, they begin to install the damper tape around the perimeter of the room. They attach it to the walls. If the warm floor will be mounted from several circuits, a layer of damper tape is also required between them.

Damper tape

Foam polystyrene insulation boards are laid "joint to joint". If the slabs have a groove lock, no further action is required. If there is no lock, the joints of the slabs will have to be covered with sand-cement mortar and wait until it dries completely.

The last stage of preparation for the installation of a warm floor will be the laying of foil mats, which will serve as a heat-reflecting screen.

Heating device concreting

In the bathroom or kitchen, it is better to make a warm floor in the form of heating pipes laid in a concrete screed. Before laying, the room is divided into equal, small sections. Such crushing will further ensure the uniformity of heat flow into the apartment and protect against possible deformations of the floor.

The order of work:

Checking the base base of a bathroom or kitchen for height differences. If necessary, leveling the floor surface in the apartment.
Laying out the waterproofing film on the prepared coating.
It is better to use damper tape to insulate the edge.
Installation of insulation in a bathroom or kitchen with a mirror surface.
Organization of a vapor barrier layer.
In the bathroom, it is advisable to lay a reinforced mesh, between the cells of which the tubes of the water device are laid.
Installation of underfloor heating in the bathroom. First, the supply manifold is connected to the pipes. The heating elements are fixed with clips, it is not recommended to place them too close: an acceptable distance will be 20-30 cm. Having broken the floor into contours, you need to correctly distribute the length of the pipes to each of them. So, an acceptable length would be 70-80 m. As all pipes are laid, they are connected to a receiving manifold at the outlet.
After installing the warm floor under the tiles in the bathroom or kitchen, you need to check its performance. The thermostat sets the desired temperature.
Pour the screed, the height of which will be 3 cm higher than the installed pipes. As it dries (after about 30 days), sound insulation is organized.

Advice! If the screed is not dry, you cannot turn on the system and the thermostat. This will damage the outer layer of the coating.Also, the screed should not be dried forcibly: cracks will appear on its surface.

Fitting a heated cable floor in the kitchen

Preparing for installation

The adaptation of the floor from the cable begins with calculating the area of the heated surface. For this, a kitchen plan is prepared with the placement of stationary furniture and appliances, however, this does not apply to furniture on legs.

The required area will be equal to the difference between the areas of the kitchen and the surface occupied by these items.

To calculate the length of the heating part, the specific power value is multiplied with the calculated area value. The value of the specific power is normalized and cannot be more than 120 watts per m2 when operating the system for additional heating and be more than 150 watts per m2 if it is the main heat source.

In a number of works of the preparatory type, it also makes sense to note the demolition of the coating, which has already become obsolete, with further leveling of the base. If necessary, you can use specialized mixtures for leveling.

The next step is to prepare the site for installing the thermostat. Using a puncher, a niche is prepared in the wall, which is necessary for the dimensions of the mounting box of the device, and further down the wall surface and the floor, a groove for cables - power, sensor, etc. Into the channel along the surface of the base parallel to the direction of laying TENA

lay a corrugated tube - a place for the sensor. The plugged end of the corrugated tube should be approximately 6 cm from the wall surface. The groove is covered with plaster.

Cable laying

A reflective heat insulator is laid on the cleaned and leveled subfloor with the foil side up, gluing the joints with tape. A tape for installation work is attached to the insulation, with the help of it the heating sections will be fixed. For this, specialized brackets are provided on it. The tape is attached to the base using dowel-nails. The cable is laid in the same way, smoothly, without kinks and intersections. After that, the parts are poured with a concrete screed with a layer of 3-5 cm. After the final hardening of the screed

the decorative coating is applied according to the standard technology.

The first switching on of the heating system is done after at least 28 days - the time required for the final hardening of the screed.

Preparing the base

The installation of an electric floor in the kitchen must begin with an accurate calculation. The area that needs to be heated is calculated. Draws up a detailed drawing of the room, on it the places where furniture and household appliances are located are marked. Heating is not needed under them.

The length of the heating system is calculated by multiplying the calculated area by the power density of the floor. If the heating is auxiliary, then the power should not exceed 120 W per 1 m2, and if the main one - then no more than 150 W per 1 m2.

To prepare the surface in the kitchen for ceramic tiles or other coating, the old coating must be dismantled, the sub-floor is leveled.

Underfloor heating under tiles

Tiles are a special material, because due to their high heat conductivity, they are suitable for any kind of heated floor. Thermomats are recognized as the best option for heating tiled floors. The mat used for heating is a fiberglass mesh on which TENA shielded parts are fixed. In the process of making the latter, a technique is used, thanks to which hot and cold pieces are combined without the use of couplings. This option provides complete reliability of the sections.

The thermomat device is performed in stages:

Make up the layout of thermomats

It should be borne in mind that electrical heating parts are not placed in the places where furniture is placed. Select a place for the thermostat, where they equip the junction box. Then they pierce a groove in the wall and on the base, along which the connecting wires and the sensor will be laid.Prepare the floor surface: remove third-party objects, debris, if necessary, equalize and carefully primed with an acrylic primer of good penetration

The primer is applied with a paint roller. Thermomats will be rolled out in accordance with the developed scheme, starting from the thermal converter, and the system will be verified for working capacity.

Attention

If necessary, for example, when walking around corners, the fiberglass mesh is carefully cut so as not to damage the heating component. These actions insist on special care, as there is a risk of damage to the heating cable. When turning the mat, the net should remain at the bottom. Do not allow the thermomat to cross or overlap one by one.

Installation of tiles on a mat is carried out according to the standard technology of working with tiles. When laying tile coverings, it is best to use plastic spatulas - they are much safer for insulating a thermal cable.

There should be no empty spaces in the tile adhesive, because air bubbles significantly reduce the heat conductivity of the floor.

Grouting and gluing are best done with elastic mixtures that are resistant to heat deformation.

The system is started after the final drying of the glue.

Nowadays, thin infrared floors are becoming more and more popular, the laying of which is reduced to performing several light procedures, like installing floors from a thermomat. An indispensable requirement for the operation of this variation is the laying of reflective thermal insulation to reduce the expected heat loss.

Pros and cons of underfloor heating

The advantages of underfloor heating are quite obvious. To begin with, it should be canceled that cold air, as everyone knows, is concentrated in the lower part of the air layers, therefore, warming it up by only a few degrees with the help of a warm floor will certainly lead to tangible warming in the entire room.

An important advantage of underfloor heating is its alternative as a source of heating. This system can be installed independently of conventional steam heating. At the same time, the temperature regime can be easily adjusted separately for each room. This function is especially indispensable in those periods when there is no heating yet or no longer. It is also convenient that the heating can be switched on selectively in any room, plus it is possible to set the heating timer for any day and hour.

Another indisputable advantage of underfloor heating is a distinctive feature of the underfloor heating concept - its ability to prevent high humidity in the room. This function becomes especially relevant in those rooms and rooms where there is often high humidity. Usually this is a bathroom, bathroom, vestibule, hallway, basement, etc. In such rooms, the best possible dehumidification can only be achieved by a floor heating system.

If you look at the shortcomings more specifically, the result may be surprising. You can start with the first minus - electromagnetic radiation. This drawback is more a myth than a truth, because it arose in those days when the underfloor heating system was considered a rarity and was carried out mainly only by self-taught craftsmen. They usually had no idea about quality standards and GOSTs. If we talk about modern electrical systems for underfloor heating, then they undergo regular test checks, where it is absolutely precisely proven that the radiation emanating from the underfloor heating is not higher than in ordinary electrical wiring in the walls.

If we consider such a disadvantage as dry air in the room, then we should remember about traditional radiators, which dry the air even more. In such cases, it is necessary to regulate the level of humidity in the room not with a warm floor, but with specially designed air humidifiers.

Varieties

Underfloor heating is a flat heated surface that can be used in residential, industrial, office and office premises and even outdoors. In stores selling building and finishing materials, you can find several varieties of such systems.

Underfloor heating warms up the air in the room more evenly than traditional radiators under the windows. Heat rises from the bottom up, with the floor being the warmest element.

Underfloor heating warms up the air in the room more evenly

Water

In underfloor heating water systems, hot water acts as a heat carrier, which can circulate inside the unit using pumps, as well as be supplied from centralized heating. The pipes, through which the working fluid moves, are laid over the entire surface of the floor in one or more contours on a layer of heat-insulating substrate, and from above they are covered with a wet or dry screed. The design of this thermostatic system is a kind of puff cake, with a thickness of 50 to 200 mm. The pipeline can be made of copper, metal-plastic, polypropylene or cross-linked polyethylene.

Read on the topic: Partition between the kitchen and the living room: design options, types, materials

In water-heated floors, liquid acts as a heat carrier

The advantages of underfloor heating with a liquid heat carrier include the following qualities:

Profitability. Perceptible savings in heat spent on heating (up to 50% for rooms with ceilings over 3 m).
Environmental friendliness and safety. There is no electromagnetic field that has a negative impact on the inhabitants of the dwelling.
Very low energy costs (pump only).
Due to the low temperature of the energy carrier (+ 25 ... + 45 ° C), it is possible to use any type of decorative flooring.
The absence of bulky and not too attractive radiators, pipes and open wiring, which allows for easier interior decoration.

The negative qualities of water heating systems for the floor are:

The complexity, duration and high cost of installation work. The technology must be followed very strictly.
A ban on installation in apartments, since the liquid goes to other residents almost cold, which upsets the overall balance.
Installation restrictions in houses with weak floors. A thick layer of screed heavily makes the structure heavier and eats up the height of the ceilings.
Inertia. The system takes a long time to warm up.
The need to dismantle the screed to ensure free access to the pipeline in the event of a breakdown.

It is recommended to install a heated water floor in the private sector and country houses, where the supply of heat energy is autonomous and the area of the rooms is quite large. Installation must be done even at the construction stage.

For the first time I saw heated floors at my friends' house. They made a water heating system by feeding it from a heating gas boiler. But it turned out that it was impossible to walk barefoot on the tile covering, which was placed on top, as it was very hot. With this adjustment, the temperature did not respond well and all households had to constantly walk in slippers, which was not very convenient. After a couple of years, everything had to be dismantled and redone, as it was extremely uncomfortable.

Electric

There are several types of electric underfloor heating systems.

Cable

A single-core or two-core cable made of a high-resistance alloy (nichrome, etc.) that effectively converts electrical energy into thermal energy, is mounted in a cement screed up to 50 mm thick. To connect this electric floor, a 220 V network is sufficient, but the house wiring must withstand its power (80–150 W / m2).

Underfloor heating cable system is the very first

Advantages of underfloor heating with a cable:

long service life (over 50 years);
the ability to adjust the temperature;
uniformity and speed of heating;
democratic and affordable price.

Weaknesses inherent in underfloor heating:

the presence of electromagnetic radiation (especially in cheap models);
a ban on the installation of furniture over heated areas;
complexity of installation;
high power consumption.

Heating mats are a modification of the cable system. A thin cable is attached to the self-adhesive mesh (in a zigzag with a given pitch). Thermomats usually do not exceed 3 mm thick, they are simply rolled out on the floor surface (without a screed).

Film (infrared)

One of the most modern and effective is the infrared electric field, which is a thin (0.3-0.4 mm) film with heating elements laminated in it, which is a special paste based on carbon or carbon, as well as thin layers of metals (copper , aluminum). When connected to an electrical network, the emitters generate infrared radiation, which heats various objects, for example, floor coverings.

Foil underfloor heating is considered the most effective and economical

Positive qualities of the underfloor heating film:

small thickness;
the possibility of laying on any surface (horizontal, vertical, inclined);
efficiency (high efficiency);
ease of installation and no need to make a screed;
high heating rate;
in case of damage and failure of one section of the floor, all the others continue to function properly;
noiselessness.

Negative characteristics:

high price;
impossibility of laying under a tile floor (poor adhesion).

The infrared film can be placed under the tiles, if you put a fiberglass mesh with a fine mesh and sheet material (chipboard, gypsum fiber board, etc.). But the efficiency of heating is significantly reduced.

Rod

A relatively new and not too widespread system, which in fact is a kind of infrared electric field. Heating elements are flexible composite rods made on the basis of silver, carbon or graphite, and placed 0.1 m parallel to each other. They are interconnected by a conductive bus and embedded in a polymer film. A core underfloor heating is produced in the form of a roll thermomat.

Rod underfloor heating is the latest development in this area.

Pluses of the rod system:

furniture and other heavy objects can be placed on such a floor;
if one rod fails, other sections work;
good heat dissipation;
the possibility of filling with a screed and various adhesives, which is necessary for laying tiles;
durability.

Cons can be considered:

great price;
high risk of buying a fake.

The advantages are obvious

An ordinary apartment is supplied with heat from central heating, which is the minimum necessary for living space. Somewhere this is more than enough, but somewhere it is not even felt. And then radiators, air heaters and other heaters, which constitute the second heat front, are brought into the light of God. But with all these tricks, it is often not possible to regulate the room temperature to a comfortable one. Having gone too far with the temperature, we will have to open the windows during the thaw in order to somehow ventilate the room. And so it turns out - sometimes too hot, sometimes too cold.

This is where the work of the underfloor heating comes to the fore, which, with the help of a thermostat, will allow you to regulate the temperature in the room exactly to the temperature that is comfortable for you. With the help of a sensor, you can find out the temperature of the floor and air in the room, and the thermostat will help to regulate the daily temperature cycle.In the evening and at night, a higher temperature is needed, and during the day, when there is usually no one in the apartment, you can reduce the heat to a minimum.

It so happens that other sources of heat do not warm our feet too much, which should always be warm. But the warm floor primarily affects them. As a result, even a pinpoint impact on the feet alone might be enough to make you feel protected. And here there is also excellent protection not only for the legs, but also for the whole body. If your feet are well warmed, your whole body temperature will be within the correct range. And at the same time, you do not have to hold your feet over any heating unit to warm them up, and then freeze them again while you unlearn somewhere away from the heat source. You just walk on the floor and get warm.

Unlike other heat sources, this type of flooring is not point-like.

The floor heats up over the entire area, and thanks to the good level of heat transfer, the entire room is evenly heated. By the way, this will also save on electricity.

Does the warm floor under the furniture heat the room?

It turns out that if you do not lay pipes under the furniture, then the area of the heating surface of the floor will be too small to heat the room. And if you also have a carpet on the floor? Okay, no carpet. Then, in order to heat the room, you will have to increase the floor temperature. But walking on it will be unpleasant. You can also compensate for the lack of heat with a radiator battery. But it is much more expensive than the pipe that was not laid in the floor.
Friends, who said that the branches covered with furniture will not give heat? Not at all. The heat from the floor screed will be transferred to the walls. In this case, the walls begin to give off heat to the room, and not vice versa, to cool the air in it.

Way out

But not so long ago (the time frame is of course very relative, but still) mankind learned about warm floors, which became a real breakthrough in the field of construction and finishing work. I installed such a floor - and already with much more enthusiasm, you can go to the bathroom with bare feet, let the child play on the floor in his room and cook dinner in one pair of socks. And all this without fear of catching a cold and making a lot of trouble. Warm floors are so attractive and pleasant that they can even make you sit and lie on this covering, if you are tired of using chairs, armchairs and sofas for this purpose.

Electric underfloor heating pitfalls

As a rule, even the very first frosts can show that in proportion to the decrease in temperature outside the window, the central heating batteries are also cooled. The way out of this situation is the installation of a classic electric underfloor heating. You can install it even in a new apartment, even in an old house. But, of course, it should be remembered that it is still better to carry out its installation at the stage of repair, so as not to dismantle the old floors.

The installation technology includes, first of all, laying the heat-insulating layer on the interfloor ceiling, after which - the separating screed, and on it - the installation of the underfloor heating system. It looks like an electric cable laid out in a certain step. A step is usually called the distance between its zigzags. An ideal step is considered to be a step equal to 10-15 cm. A screed is poured onto this floor from above, and a floor covering is placed on it. It looks simple, but this is only at first glance.

In case of legal action, you should call a company that has the appropriate license from the Ministry of Construction. Perhaps this fact can be attributed to the disadvantages of a warm floor, but only because of the duration of the entire procedure for obtaining a permit. This problem can be solved, of course, at the expense of "left" firms, which will install a warm floor without paperwork. But this is a double-edged sword.

First of all, such firms offer customers only the installation of the cheapest heating systems, often Chinese ones, which do not even have a quality certificate.This will mean that your underfloor heating will not meet government standards, and will most likely fail after a certain period of time. The second serious disadvantage that follows from the previous one is the fact that hardly anyone will undertake to repair your equipment.

Which floor tiles are warmer?

To determine which of the flooring materials will be the warmest upon contact, it is necessary to compare their main characteristics, in particular, the thermal conductivity coefficient: a lower value indicates that the tile has good insulating properties, will heat up longer, but also cool down more slowly.

Tile and porcelain stoneware

The tile has an average thermal conductivity: from 0.3 to 1.5 W / (m · K). Double-fired lamellas are characterized by a higher value and are suitable for stoves or fireplaces. Ceramic elements are cold materials that require additional installation of the underfloor heating system.

Porcelain stoneware heats up and gives off heat slowly, that is, it has little thermal conductivity. The material is suitable for arranging a floor heating system in a residential area.

Foam ceramics

The material is a ceramic mass filled with air bubbles during firing and has a cellular structure.

Foam ceramics has a low thermal conductivity of 0.045-0.08 W / (m tiles.

PVC tiles

The tile has a fairly low coefficient of thermal conductivity - 0.25 W / (m · K). Installation of elements on a concrete screed allows you to get comfortable living conditions; walking on such a floor gives a feeling of warmth. Lamellas are suitable as a covering for underfloor heating systems.

Cork tiles

Cladding elements are obtained by processing the bark of cork oak with saturated steam at high temperatures.

The insulating layer of the tile is formed due to the porosity of the raw material. The structure of the elements is cellular, consisting of many air bubbles impregnated with suberin. The lamellas have a thermal conductivity of 0.043 - 0.25 W / (m · K) and are highly waterproof, therefore they are suitable for laying in the kitchen in order to create a thermal and sound insulating coating.

IMPORTANT! When installing cork in a kitchen, cover the lamella surface with two coats of water-based varnish.

When choosing a warm coating option, pay attention to the coefficient of thermal conductivity: products from warm ceramics and cork tiles have low conductivity. The ceramic foam cladding is durable and characterized by high resistance to various dirt, easy to clean.

Floor heating screed

When the warm floor is mounted, it is poured on top with a layer of screed. Do this on pipes under pressure. So they will calmly withstand a significant load.

Screed concrete is prepared with the addition of fine-grained crushed stone or profile mixtures are used. The brand of the mortar is preferable not lower than M300, it should not delaminate and set quickly.

Screed on a warm water floor

A screed is performed on a warm floor in the following order:

Metal beacons are fixed to the solution at the level with a step suitable for the dimensions of the existing rule.
The prepared solution is poured in parts onto the floor, starting from the far wall. With the help of the rule, it is stretched in the direction "towards itself", aligned, lightly rammed with tapping movements.

Attention! The thickness of the screed over the pipes must be at least 30 mm. This will allow the concrete to warm up evenly.

The maximum permissible thickness is 100 mm.

The next day after pouring, the lighthouses are removed, and the grooves from them are sealed with a grinder (a semi-dry mixture of sand and cement).On the same day, all the imperfections of the fill are cleaned up - influxes, traces of the rule, etc. This is done using an ordinary wooden floor polisher.

Warm floor under the laminate

The screed will fully "mature" no sooner than in 4 weeks. Until this time, the new heating system must not be switched on. This is fraught with cracks in the screed. Forcibly drying the screed by heating is strictly prohibited. Remember, the longer the concrete dries, the stronger it becomes.

Now the matter remains with the flooring and you can enjoy the warm floor in a new cozy apartment.

It is quite possible to carry out the installation of a water-heated floor with your own hands in an apartment if you have minimal construction skills and take a responsible approach to studying all the nuances and subtleties of the process.

Other points to pay attention to

When laying an electric underfloor heating in a bathtub, a bathroom, cables and mats are not placed under the plumbing installation site, since there is no heat removal, over time the system overheats and becomes unusable. Therefore. to avoid trouble, when laying a warm floor, they make an indent. If the plumbing is suspended and there is air access, then the floor works as usual.
If a fireplace is planned to be installed in the house, when laying the systems, indents of at least 15 cm are made on each side. Then they just lay the branches of the system.
If the house has a staircase to the second floor, then under the root, where it is attached to the floor, the branches of the system are not made.

Installation of a heated floor over a large area

If it is assumed that the area of the room will subsequently be divided by partitions, then the heating branches are carried out immediately. This is easier, especially since the partitions on the screed do not affect the pipes.
Be sure to mark the doorway and carefully mount the door frame so as not to damage the system. Be sure to check the system with a coolant after installing the pipes.

Despite some negative reviews about a warm field located under furniture, household appliances, a refrigerator, it is worth noting that it is installed subject to the specified conditions.

Manifold assembly

Install a manifold before piping. It is selected based on the number of circuits and the desired heating control capability.

Manifold assembly

The simplest manifolds are equipped only with shut-off valves. The regulation of their work and the setting of heating parameters are almost impossible. For these purposes, collectors with additional control valves are selected.

Attention! The collector must be equipped with an air vent valve and a drain pipe.

The collector is installed in a special metal cabinet, the dimensions of which are selected individually. The standard thickness is 12 cm, which allows it to be "drowned" in the wall niche.

The main rules for installing the collector:

It is prohibited to deepen the manifold cabinet into the load-bearing walls.
The cabinet is positioned so that it is equidistant from all circuits. If the contours are of different lengths, the cabinet is brought closer to a longer one.
The cabinet is raised above the floor level for the functioning of the air exhaust system. There should be enough space under the cabinet to accommodate and bend all pipe outlets.

For details on the assembly of the collector and its operation, see the video below.

You can do without a warm floor if

Your kitchen has wood or linoleum floors. In this case, there can be no question of any heating. The high temperature of the heating system will negatively affect the flooring, the wood will dry out, and the linoleum, due to its chemical composition, will release phenol, which is harmful to human health;
The kitchen faces south. This arrangement will allow the sun's rays to warm up the room and maintain a comfortable temperature without additional heating systems;
You have just recently completed your renovation. Underfloor heating installation is dirty and dusty. The job requires complete removal of the top deck and preparation of the floor.If you have not thought about laying the warm floor in advance, at the stage of planning the repair, then after its completion it is unreasonable to start the repair work anew and spoil the coating;
The house has old wiring. Since the old wiring may not cope with the load, experts strongly advise replacing the entire electrical network in the house before laying the warm floor. If this is not possible now, then it is better to refuse from the additional floor heating system in the kitchen.

As you can see, there are enough arguments "for" and "against" laying the underfloor heating system. Weigh each of them and decide if you and your kitchen need such a floor?

Cabling

The heating section is powered by electricity, therefore, first of all, it is necessary to think over the place for the thermostat. This device controls the operation of underfloor heating. It has a built-in thermostat in the form of a metal plate, which is sensitive to temperature changes. It closes or disconnects the electrical network. The sensitivity can be 2-1 degrees or 0.5 degrees.

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The thermostat is installed at a distance of at least 30 cm from the floor. If the sections are laid in several circuits, then it is recommended to provide a junction box. The regulator is selected with the appropriate number of outputs for the local network.

The ends of the heating cable are laid in a corrugated tube and fed to a control device. For corrugation on the wall and on the floor, a strobe is provided.

The temperature sensor measures the floor temperature. It is located in a separate corrugation. For the sensor, choose a place between the turns of the cable. The distance from the boundary of the heated surface must be at least 30 cm.

The cable is recommended to be removed from the place where the thermostat is installed. The section is installed according to the marking, maintaining a step of 10-15 cm. In the bending points, the loop radius of 10 cm is observed. In order for the floor to warm up evenly in all areas, the section is taken out with a double "snail" or double "snake".
A single-core conductor is connected with two ends to the thermostat. A two-core cable is connected to the network at one end. "Warm floor" in the kitchen from the section is laid under the tiles.

Pipe laying

Before installing the pipes, a reinforcing mesh is laid on the prepared surface. The size of its cells should correspond to or be a multiple of the step size for the convenience of further work. The cross section of the rods is 3-5 mm. Fragments of the mesh are fastened together with wire.

Pipe laying

The layout of the water floor pipes, oddly enough, is the easiest stage in installation. They start it from the street wall, stepping back 10-20 cm. Then the pipes are laid according to the prescribed scheme. It is necessary to bend the pipes carefully so that stretch marks (white transverse stripes) do not form on them, otherwise they will be unsuitable for further use.

Attention! It is impossible to spin the entire pipe reel at once. This is done gradually, as the installation progresses .. When all the pipes are laid according to the scheme, they begin to fix them on the reinforcing mesh

To do this, use nylon clamps with a frequency of 30-40 cm

When all the pipes are laid according to the scheme, they begin to fix them on the reinforcing mesh. To do this, use nylon clamps with a frequency of 30-40 cm.

You can see the process of laying water pipes for heating in more detail in the video.

By means of clamping fittings, the ends of the pipes are connected to the supply and return connections of the collector, after which a leak test is carried out. To do this, the system is filled with water and, using a domestic pump, a pressure of 5-6 bar is created inside the pipes. When checking the tightness of the system, all air valves on the manifold must be removed and the holes below them must be plugged. They are not designed for high pressure pressures and may fail during testing.

Thermal film laying

The thermal film is produced in rolls. It is placed on a flat base. Cutting the film is allowed only along the dotted lines.The conductor is a copper plate and a silver plating. The tapes are connected in parallel to each other; use the crab terminals. All joints are insulated with bitumen tape.

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The temperature sensor and the connecting cable from the tapes are laid in corrugated tubes, brought along the strobe to the thermostat. Material resistance must be checked before connection. The indicator is indicated on the regulator panel, on the tape and on the power outlet.

If the result is positive, the system is connected and tested. I close the film with a backing. Its thickness should not exceed 3 mm. Next, the floor cladding is formed.

Liquid heating is used for underfloor heating only in country houses. The water line is connected to the manifold. From it, the circuit is diverted to the heat exchanger. The system is equipped with automation. It is represented by a three-way valve with a thermal head.

A circulation pump is installed on the comb. The mains are taken out on the rough floor on their own, it is recommended to entrust the connection to the comb and to the boiler to professionals.

Electric heating systems are used in city apartments. If there is no skill in working with electricity, then they turn to qualified specialists.

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Pluses of electrical systems

These systems are highly efficient as they provide heating to the entire floor surface.

The use of a shielded cable with good multi-layer insulation makes heating with electricity completely harmless.

Due to the temperature adjustment of the floor, you can make less energy consumption and save money due to this.

Underfloor heating in the kitchen guarantees a comfortable indoor climate, as the temperature in the leg area is higher than at the head level. In addition, the level of moisture in the room is regularly kept at the required level, the presence of dust in the air is reduced.

Electric floors: heating cable

Electric cable floors are a wonderful alternative to water floors. Permission to install them is much easier to obtain, and sometimes it is not even necessary in modern houses. The only condition is that the wiring must withstand the load.

The principle of operation of such a system is simple. It is based on a cable that transfers heat along its entire length. Distinguish:

single core - it is necessary that both ends are connected to the thermostat;
two-core - the other end of the cable can be freely positioned.

In terms of additional equipment, you only need a thermostat - a device that will allow you to regulate the temperature.

Such floors have a number of advantages:

easy to install;
you can adjust the temperature;
due to the turns, the cooling from the walls and windows can be leveled;
cheaper than water;
take up less space.

Along with them, mention should be made of the disadvantages:

high consumption of electricity;
in case of a breakdown, you will need to change the entire cable;
there is electromagnetic radiation;
areas with elevated temperatures are possible.

In general, it is not recommended to place the cable where solid furniture such as a cabinet or kitchen will stand.

You can read about how to make a warm floor in the kitchen yourself in many Internet resources. An electrical heating system can be installed even by an inexperienced master, but the connection to the network should still be entrusted to a professional.

Electric cable floor installation diagram

It is important to note: this floor does not require a perfect base. Installation begins with the selection of the installation method. Typically, a snail or snake is used. After this, the installation of thermal insulation begins. It is also worth thinking about noise and moisture insulation.

The cable is fastened either with the help of special fasteners, or it is located in special iron sheets. The latter method allows for better heat distribution, thereby warming up the surface faster. Check the integrity before installation. If there is an insulation fault, the cable should be replaced and not repaired. Otherwise, the warm floor may fail in a few months, and then you will have to start all over again.

After the cable is secured, a final tie is made over the system. It should dry for about 20 days, during which you cannot turn on and use the system.

Underfloor heating should be installed if

The kitchen is adjacent to the balcony. In this case, the underfloor heating system will provide a comfortable microclimate in both rooms. You will be able to regulate the temperature level in the room on your own, and even the balcony glazing of average quality will not interfere with maintaining the optimal mode in the room;
A child lives in the house. Children spend about 80 percent of their time on the floor: playing, crawling, lying, etc. And if in the living room and bedroom there is often a carpet or rug on the floor on which the child can comfortably sit, then in the kitchen the floor is usually bare. It is then that a warm floor will come to the rescue, it will protect the health of households and save children from hypothermia and colds;
It is planned to finish the floor with ceramic tiles. One of the most common kitchen flooring options is tiles. It is no secret that this material is beautiful in appearance, practical in everyday life, but unpleasant to the touch because of its coldness. If you and your household are not fond of walking around the house in slippers or socks, then a warm floor is an ideal solution to the problem of a ceramic floor in the kitchen;
The apartment is located above the basement. If you live in an apartment building, you probably know that basements are not heated additionally. Therefore, residents of the first and second floors often suffer from cold in their own dwelling, coming from below. The underfloor heating system will partially help to solve it. Experts recommend installing it not only in the living room or bedroom, but also in the kitchen. the cold will spread from there;
The main heating system is defective. It is not uncommon for the central heating system to be installed poorly, and because of this, it is cold in the apartment during the winter. In such a situation, the insulation of the kitchen floor will be an excellent alternative to the heating system, its installation will cost several times cheaper than overhaul and replacement of the pipeline and batteries.

After the listed advantages, the underfloor heating system seems to be an indispensable thing in every home. But in contrast to all the advantages, arguments can be made when a warm floor loses its relevance.

Which is better: water or electric?

In general, water is better, in any case, because it is more reliable and durable. Electric floors have one big drawback - they cannot withstand heavy furniture. We emphasize - heavy, for example, a kitchen set. If it stands on electrical wiring, then over time, thermal overheating will occur and the entire floor will cease to function.

And it is absolutely impossible to fix such a breakdown (however, like finding a burned out place), you need to completely remove the entire cover and change the heating system. And, okay, if we are talking about a laminate that can be disassembled and reassembled, but if a tile? You cannot remove it without chips, it is simply impossible.

Many do this: they calculate the places where the furniture will stand and this place is left free. But, in this case, you need to be prepared for the fact that you will no longer do any rearrangements.

And the water one is durable, very practical, but it also has its "buts".

In apartment buildings, it cannot be done, since excess pipes can lead to an imbalance of the entire system or the removal of heat from neighbors. Also, in order to lay pipes on the floor, it is necessary to completely remove all batteries, therefore, this option is suitable if you plan to equip the entire apartment like this, and not just the kitchen.

Then, heating water in the case of central heating is just a lottery. Today they heat well, but tomorrow the batteries are barely warm. And, if the radiator on the wall will definitely give off minimal heat, then the floor will be much worse, because the pipes are covered with a thick layer of screed and tiles ...

No, of course you can do it on a "grand scale" by putting your own, individual heating boiler. But it is expensive, very expensive.

Read on: How and what to wash stretch ceilings without streaks

Well, and most importantly, for this type of work it is necessary to obtain permission, which is not always possible even for a bribe.

Therefore, think three times if you decide to make such a floor in an apartment. First, find out if the utilities will give you the go-ahead and only then act.

And one more thing: the water floor “eats up” the height of the room, and, quite significantly, by about 15 centimeters. For "stalinka" with three-meter ceilings - this is not a problem at all, but for "Khrushchev" it is no longer the best option.

The ceiling height in the apartments of that era is only 2.20 meters. Well, where else to cut?

How to choose the right coating

First of all, one should be guided by the type of the selected room, where it is planned to install a warm floor under the tiles. The selected material must have a number of characteristics, such as resistance to possible deformation, durability, strength and fire resistance. Maintenance of the coating should be minimal, and it is recommended to choose a non-slippery surface. This will help reduce the possible risk of injury in the future.

Installation can be carried out on such coatings:

bulk;
cork;
tiled.

Self-leveling floor

It is considered to be the main competitor of ceramic coatings. It is quite environmentally friendly and functional, while not afraid of temperature changes and mechanical damage. Elastic, which will allow you to drop the dishes without harm to the latter. Such a coating has a considerable operational life, which is calculated in decades. At the same time, the choice of the material used is quite extensive. The main disadvantage is the cost, and not every master can do the installation on his own.

Cork floor

It is made from balsa wood, or rather from its bark. Able to give the room the necessary comfort, like any other natural material. Such a material will not only retain heat in the room, but also have a positive effect on human well-being. Not classified as materials containing allergens. It repels moisture and practically does not burn. It is often used as high-quality and, most importantly, cheap sound insulation. It does not absorb odors, so you can safely use it in the kitchen. Expensive breeds will not be cheap, so it is better to entrust their styling to specialists. If gaps are formed at the time of installation, then the integrity of the coating will be violated, and moisture will penetrate into its base, which will eventually destroy it.

Tiled floor

It can be prestigious to use tiles or ceramics, because its cost can be exorbitant. Experienced craftsmen are able to lay out entire paintings, making the tiled floor almost an exhibition or museum piece. An amateur can also do its styling, because it is not necessary to make a masterpiece, the main thing is to lay out the material used exactly. The top layer of the floor covering is resistant to shock, sunlight and household chemicals. It will not be difficult to choose the right color, since its variety can amaze everyone. The disadvantages include a rather slippery surface, and you can say goodbye to the fallen dishes right away. If it is not heated, it will always be cold.Installation requires a clean and level base.

Infrared underfloor heating under tiles in the kitchen: characteristic features and installation

Of course, such a floor is expensive, but there are excuses for its price.
Of course, such a floor is expensive, but there are excuses for its price:

Screed for underfloor heating

This is an almost eternal system that, if properly installed, will work flawlessly;
When laying, it does not require a screed, which means it does not raise the floors;
Flexible film construction is easy to cut and fit in any desired format;
DIY installation does not require special skills;
The floor is easy to transport;
Not afraid of dampness, no need for waterproofing;
If one element fails, the floors will not stop heating;
Uniform heating will provide not only a comfortable warm floor in the kitchen, but also a good heat exchange of air masses.

A huge number of advantages, but there are also disadvantages:

Do not use metal mesh, foil or other metal-based materials;
A clear calculation of the area for laying the system is required (but this is in the interests of the buyer);
Additional material is needed: drywall or glass magnesite;
High price.

But to work with a film floor for tiles, 70% of the total kitchen area is enough. The stages of work are as follows:

Dismantle the old coating, level and lay the polyform;
Lay out the film floor with canvases with overlapping edges (fix them with tape);
Install a thermostat with nearby wiring;
Install the thermal sensor, placing it directly above the tile and insulate the wiring connections, as shown in the video;
Check the system for functionality and cover the structure with thin drywall;
Spread the adhesive, lay the tiles and the coating is ready.

There are no special difficulties with installing the system with your own hands, the coating is sold ready-made and can be cut into light stripes. No screeds, wet works and long waiting times for drying - as soon as the glue has dried, you can arrange furniture and use the coating as long as you like.