How much energy does the boiler consume: calculations and indicators per day and month

In a house in which there is no hot water supply, a boiler is usually installed. You can install the water heater yourself or with the help of a specialist. Before purchasing a device, you should learn more about the types of boilers, power and sizes. In this article, we will consider how to calculate the consumed amount of hot water per day and month.

It is important to know

Electricity consumption for water heating depends on four factors:

  1. The temperature of cold water that enters the boiler;
  2. Boiler heat loss;
  3. Water consumption per day;
  4. Hot water outlet temperature.

If you want to determine how many kW your water heater will wind per day or month, you need to know these numbers.

Are you just going to buy a boiler and want to calculate its electricity consumption? You can use simplified numbers:

  • Average temperature of cold water: + 5 ... + 10 degrees;
  • Boiler heat loss: 0.008-0.0012 kW per 1 liter of water;
  • Water consumption per day: calculate the consumption of hot water per month and divide by 30;
  • Average hot water temperature: 60 degrees.

Separately, I would like to note that it is not recommended to heat water below +55 degrees. Because of this, microorganisms can develop in it, an unpleasant odor will appear in the water from the boiler.

How much electricity does a water heater consume?

How much electricity does a water heater consume?

The advantage of the water heater is that it is primarily independent of the central hot water supply system and interruptions in hot water may not bother the user. In terms of energy saving, it is advantageous mainly because when the water is fully heated, it does not cool down for a long time due to the heat-insulating layer, the water heating is maintained at the set temperature using the built-in thermostat.

The calculation of the boiler's electricity consumption depends on the following characteristics:

  1. Volume of the tank.
  2. Power consumption of the water heater.
  3. Time allotted for water heating.
  4. Electricity consumption, modern electric water heaters in the passport characteristics should already have data on daily electricity consumption.

To determine the water heating time, we use the formula:

T = 0.00116 * V (T2 –T1) / W, where: V - Tank volume (l); T2 - The temperature of heated water is usually 60 ° C; T1 - Initial water temperature; W - Electric power of heating element (kW);

Let's take for the initial data:

T2 - 60o C T1 - 10o C V - 50 liters Power 1.5 kW T = 0.00116 x 50 x (60 - 10) / 1.5 = 1.93 hours or 115 min.

Electricity consumption is calculated based on the formula (t), the time for heating water is multiplied by the power 1.5 x 1.93 = 2.9 kW * h

Further calculation consists of the consumption of hot water per day, the amount is approximately, let's take 200 liters for a family of three, this includes, for example, taking a shower and washing dishes.

2.9 kW for heating 50 liters x 4 times a day will be 11.6 kW * h per day

Based on the amount of electricity cost, let's take 3 rubles. let's calculate the cost of consumption, how much electricity the water heater consumes per day.

11.6 x 3 = 34.8 rubles. round up to 35 rubles per day.

The amount of energy consumed by the boiler per month is:

35 rbl. per day x 30 days = 1050 rubles. per month, this price does not include the cost of water consumption.

We calculate the water consumption per month

200 liters per day x 30 days = 6m3 (cubes) of water used per month.

We calculate how much electricity a water heater consumes per month.

First, let's calculate the cost of water

6 m3 * 29.05 rubles. (tariff the cost of cold water) = 174 rubles.

6 m3 * 19.8 rubles. (water disposal cost) = 119 rubles.

The total consumption of energy consumption by the boiler per month is summed up from the cost for water and electricity and is: 1050 + 174 + 119 = 1343 rubles.

The storage water heater has a low power consumption of about 0.5 kW, although the costs are slightly higher than that of an instantaneous water heater, because a certain amount of power is consumed over a large amount of time, and some of the heat is lost during heat loss.

The storage water heater can be used during the preferential night rate,

Magic formula

In order to heat 1 liter of water by 1 degree, you need to spend 1.16 W or 0.0016 kW of electricity. We will need this value for further calculations.

There is a formula for calculating the energy consumption for water heating:

W = 0.0016 x V x (T1 - T2)

  • W is the power consumption;
  • V is the volume of the required amount of hot water per day;
  • T1 is the outlet water temperature;
  • T2 - cold water inlet temperature.

But this way you only get the number of kilowatts needed to heat the water. But after all, it cools down over time

The boiler consumption in standby mode is its cost to compensate for heat loss.

Calculation of the feasibility of an instantaneous water heater

Instantaneous water heater is ideal for occasional use, for example during the summer season.
It is easy to install and can always be taken with you. The only drawback can be considered a short service life - up to 5 years.

Heating by a flow-through device occurs as water flows in, while the power does not depend on the pressure... As a rule, such a device gives only warm water, which can be used to wash or wash dishes. For taking a shower or bath, the instantaneous water heater is not suitable due to its design features.

It is advisable to stretch a separate electrical cable, install an outlet and an electrical plug for the heating element. Thus, you will unload the main network and make it more functional.

This article will help you drain the water and clean the boiler yourself:

Power for instantaneous water heaters starts from 3 to 27 kW:

  • for a family of 2 people, a device up to 10-12 kW is suitable;
  • for a family with several small children, it is better to purchase a device that has indicators of at least 20-25 kW.

If you carelessly approach this aspect and connect 220 volt equipment, then, at best, you will knock out electrical plugs in the meter.

How much heat does the boiler lose?

If you are considering a specific boiler model, take a look at its specification, instruction or manual. Heat loss should be indicated there. The manufacturer can indicate them in percent per hour, kilowatts per hour for the full volume, percent per day and kilowatts per day for the entire capacity.

If heat loss is indicated as a percentage per hour, follow this formula:

W1 = W x (P x 24 +100) / 100

When heat losses are indicated as a percentage per day, the formula is as follows:

W1 = W x (P + 100) / 100

With heat loss in kilowatts per hour:

W1 = P x 24 + W

If heat losses are indicated in kilowatts per day:

W1 = W + P

In all the above formulas:

  • W is the amount of electricity. needed for heating water;
  • P - heat loss in kilowatts or percent;
  • W1 is the amount of electricity in kilowatts. Which is consumed by the boiler per day.

Parameters of stoliter water heaters

We take a flow rate of 300 liters per day, which is suitable for 5-6 people living.

The GBF 100 T / V9 burner for 100 liters has 1400 W heaters. Heating time 0.00116 * 100 * (60-15) / 1.4 = 3.7 hours. It will consume 300/100 * 3.7 * 1.4 = 15 kW per day, 466.2 kW in 30 days.


Boiler Burner GBF 100 T / V9

Bosch Tronic 1000 T ES 100-5 2000W BO L1X-NTWVB 2000 watts will heat water in 0.00116 * 100 * (60-15) / 2 = 2.61 hours. You will need 300/100 * 2.61 * 2 = 15.6 kW per day, 469.8 kW per month.


Boiler Bosch Tronic 1000 T ES 100-5 2000W BO L1X-NTWVB

Atlantic O'PRO TURBO VM 100 D400-2-B with 2500 watts will heat all the liquid the fastest - in 0.00116 * 100 * (60-15) / 2.5 = 2.088 hours. It will consume 300/100 * 2.088 * 2.5 = 21.6 kW per day, 648 kW will accumulate in 30 days.


Boiler Atlantic O'PRO TURBO VM 100 D400-2-B

You should also consider the presence of a night rate. It may be more beneficial to heat up a lot of water at night and then use it throughout the day. In winter, the temperature of the water supply system is much lower, which increases the heating time.

It can be concluded that models with different parameters consume approximately the same electricity reading. At the same time, the price for powerful devices can be several times higher, which is explained by practicality - heating is done faster.

Example of calculating the consumption of a boiler

Let's say there is a boiler with heat loss of 0.5% per hour, and a family needs 200 liters of water per day. Cold water temperature +10, and hot +55 degrees. Hence we have:

  • V = 200;
  • T1 = 55;
  • T2 = 10.

Let's substitute these values ​​into the first formula:

W = 0.0016 x 200 x (55 - 10) = 14.4

It turns out that 14.4 kilowatts per day are needed to heat water, or 432 per month.

Now let's take into account the heat loss. We already know the number W, and P will equal 0.5. Substitute the values ​​into the formula and get:

W1 = 14.4 x (0.5 x 24 +100) / 100 = 16.128

This means that the average daily consumption of electricity by a water heater is 16.128 kW, and for a month - 483.84 kW.

How much electricity does a large volume boiler consume?

For a large family of 4 people, a 100 liter water heater is suitable. From the previous calculation, we learned that the boiler consumes 2 kW per hour. But a water heater of this volume heats the water in about 3 hours. Thus, 3 cycles occur per day. Consequently, the boiler consumes 6 kW per day. A monthly consumption of 180 kW is obtained. Depending on the region, the electricity tariff changes.

When using a boiler, the following nuances should be taken into account: when the mixer is turned on frequently, cold water gets into the water, due to which the temperature decreases. The temperature sensor reacts to a decrease and automatically turns on the "Heating" function, so more electricity will be consumed.

In those areas where electricity is often cut off, the best option for heating water is to install a storage boiler. Such a water heater retains heat for a long time.

Boiler calculation calculator

We made this calculator to calculate the amount of electricity required to heat the volume of water you need to the required temperature. We did not take into account heat losses, they are different for each manufacturer and model.

In this publication, we tried to tell in detail how much electricity a boiler consumes per month and show how you can calculate this number. You also learned about ways to reduce the energy consumption of the boiler.

In the comments, you can leave your question or share your experience. Don't forget to share the post on social media

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Types of boilers

There are several types of water heaters:

  1. Flowing. The boiler body is made of plastic and also has a built-in heating coil that is attached to the mixer. The water heats up to 45-50 ° C, passing through the spiral. The lower the speed of water movement, the higher its temperature. Instantaneous water heater is perfect for country houses.
  2. Cumulative. The device has a storage tank in which a spiral is arranged. When the water in the tank cools down, the heating function turns on in automatic mode. Thus, a comfortable temperature is always maintained. The water cools down for a long time, since there are layers of insulation inside the boiler. The storage water heater is suitable for year-round residences. Depending on the number of people in the family, you can choose a boiler of a suitable volume.

An instantaneous and storage boiler consume an approximate amount of electricity. The only difference is that the first heats the water if necessary, and the second maintains a certain temperature around the clock. When using a flow-through boiler, you can see large voltage surges in the network.

Boiler power


Boiler heating element
This parameter is considered one of the main ones when choosing an electric heater - the normal operation of the electrical network in the apartment depends on the power, since not every wiring is capable of supporting devices with high voltage. The rate of water heating to the specified temperature also depends on this.

The performance of the boiler is determined by the heating element, which ensures that the device performs its main function.Its principle of operation can be compared to an electric kettle: the more powerful the heating element, the faster the water reaches the set temperature.

The performance of the water heater ranges from 1.5-27 kW and depends on its type. They are:

  • flowing;
  • cumulative;
  • combined.

The latter type is suitable for houses and apartments with an individual heating system, since during the operation of a heating system based on a single-circuit boiler, the water in the combined appliance will be heated without being connected to the mains. During the rest of the year it is plugged in.

To choose the right boiler, you need to take into account the most frequently used water intake points. So, for washing dishes, you need a heating element of 6-8 kW, for a shower, 12-16 kW.

Flowing


Instantaneous boiler
Instantaneous water heaters are compact in size and instantly heat up the water. This is ensured by the direct contact of the liquid from the water supply with the heating element.

Such devices are often placed in apartments where hot water supply fails or is not available. To use the warm jet in several places, for example in the shower and in the kitchen, you need to select a boiler with the appropriate capacity.

The power of the flow heaters varies from 3 to 27 kW. Boilers with a capacity of 3-8 kW can heat up to 6 liters of water per minute, which fully covers the needs of a family of 3-4 people.

However, it should be borne in mind that it is impossible to install equipment with a power of more than 5 kW in a standard apartment with a single-phase voltage of 220 V - the wiring will not withstand this.

If we are talking about a private house, where the performance of the electrical network reaches 380 V, then more powerful models can be purchased.

Cumulative


Storage boiler
The storage devices are large because they contain a tank for storing heated liquid. Its principle of operation is as follows:

  1. The boiler fills the tank, turns on heating and turns off automatically after reaching the set temperature.
  2. When you open the tap, hot water flows into the mixer or diffuser in the shower.
  3. As the container is emptied, it is filled with cold liquid again and the boiler is turned on again to heat it up.

The main disadvantage of storage water heaters is the long waiting time for liquid heating. The speed depends on the power of the device and the volume of the tank.

The average boiler, which is suitable for any apartment, consumes from 1.5 to 3 kW. With such a capacity, 30 liters of water will heat up in 1-1.5 hours, and 120 liters in 4 hours.

Savings must be economical!

Hot water supply in a house, apartment or summer cottage is not a luxury, but the minimum necessary comfort. Regardless of whether you live there permanently or just come for a weekend during the warm season. Hot water is needed both for washing dishes, and in order to wash after a hard day, or just to freshen up in the shower during the heat of summer. In general, hot water is, first of all, high-quality hygiene, and cleanliness, as you know, is a guarantee of health.

Many people know firsthand about the inconveniences that follow accidents on heating mains. A lot has been said about the "inflated" tariffs for hot centralized water supply, including all the costs of maintaining it in working order. And how many words are said to the public utilities, which annually disconnect everyone from hot water for a month because of preventive repairs ?!

About the positive changes in everyday life that occur with the start of using a household water heater, and real financial savings, one can abstractly talk for a long time and to no avail. Therefore, it is better to discuss this with real examples and figures.

Let's consider the cost of the consumed water in three ways:

  1. When connected to hot centralized water supply;
  2. When installing a storage water heater;
  3. When installing an instantaneous water heating tap AQUATERM.
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