Installing a gas boiler in a private house: requirements and snip

Checklist of required actions

If it became known that the installation of individual heating is allowed in the house, a long walk through the authorities cannot be avoided:

First of all, you need to go to the local organization responsible for the supply of gas and write a statement there regarding the installation of a gas boiler in the apartment. After a certain time, the homeowner is issued an opinion regarding the permission or prohibition for the installation of the heating unit. If you receive a positive answer, you can install the hardware.
Next, you need a project. It should be ordered from a design office authorized for this type of work. Its address can be obtained from the gas supply company. At this stage, it is advisable to choose a boiler model and a counter. Design documentation should be drawn up for them, and the data should be indicated in the specification. The fact is that after approval changes can be made only later, and for a separate fee. If the project is signed, nothing can be changed in it, you need to order a new one.
In the fire authorities, you should find out the address and name of the organization that checks the condition of the ventilation ducts and agree with its specialists about the service. A company representative will come and check the quality of ventilation. If everything is in order, permission will be issued to install a gas boiler in the apartment. In the event of an unsatisfactory condition of the chimney, an act is drawn up with a list of works to be performed. After eliminating the shortcomings, you need to re-invite a specialist in order to eventually get permission.
At the next stage, an application for refusal of heating is submitted to the heating network. If you plan to heat the water yourself, you also need to refuse hot water supply. It is advisable to immediately clarify the timing of the shutdown measures. The rework project approved by Gorgaz should already be on hand.

Data on the purchased meter and boiler are reported to the project organization. Then the finished documentation is taken away. It is not worth purchasing equipment in advance, since permission to install a gas boiler in an apartment building cannot always be obtained.
Then, in the Gorgaz department, an agreement is concluded for the maintenance of the unit, and the gasification project is submitted for approval.
After receiving the signed project in your hands, you can start disconnecting from the heating network. In this case, you will need to drain the water from the heating system of the whole house.
Further, the owner of the apartment must mount an individual heating system. The boiler is installed without connecting to the gas main, the system is checked for tightness and readiness for operation.
In "Gorgaz" they find out the date when it is possible to install a gas boiler in an apartment building in a specific apartment. Its employees will connect pipes and equipment according to the project, seal the meter, start up the stove and the unit.
In order for the guarantee for the gas boiler to be valid, adjustment and implementation of the first start-up will be required, followed by a mark in the passport. For this type of work, contact the department where the device was delivered for service. The master will adjust the boiler, start the system and put a stamp in the passport. Now you can use the mounted equipment.

The entire process described above, in compliance with the requirements for installing a gas boiler in an apartment building, will take from 1.5 to 2.5 months. Therefore, it is advisable to start the procedure in the spring or at the very beginning of summer.

How to replace an old gas water heater with a new one?

Over time, it becomes necessary to replace the old gas water heater with a newer, modern, modernized one. Where to go to upgrade a direct water heater?

For this you need:

Buy a certified heater.
Get in the housing office / management company copies of the laughter of the water and gas supply system, where the installation sites of the device will be indicated.
Contact the gas service with a statement to replace the gas water heater while maintaining the place of its installation.
Wait for the arrival of the gas service employees who will install the equipment, issue an act of putting the device into operation.

If the owner of the apartment decided to change the gas water heater, and even install it in a different place, then the procedure becomes more complicated, since it will be necessary to change the gas, water and air duct supply scheme.

To install new equipment in a different location, you need:

Contact the fire department and get an act on the state of the chimney there.
Order a project for the transfer of a column in the gas service.
Obtain permission for redevelopment from the municipality. When submitting an application, you need to have a project, an act, a permit, a technical passport for a column, a document confirming ownership of an apartment.
With all the documents listed above, the owner must contact the gas service.
After receiving the application and considering the client's application, the gas service employees must install and connect the equipment, conduct the first start-up of the device. After that, they must seal the meter, and the owner of the apartment must issue an act on the commissioning of the column.
After installing the column, the owner must contact the BTI, informing this service about moving the column to a new place.

How do I get permission to install?

If the kitchen complies with all the rules and regulations for installing a gas water heater, then the owner needs to obtain permission to install a water heating unit.

To do this, he needs:

Prove ownership of housing - contact Rosreestr to obtain an appropriate statement.
Contact the BTI or Rosreestr and request an apartment plan there. This document will be a confirmation of the compliance of the kitchen parameters with those requirements that govern the installation of gas water heaters.
Contact the gas service with a statement about connecting the column.
Go to the design office to get a new project for the branch of the new internal gas pipeline.
Having in hand the project and permission from the gas service, the owner has the full right to contact the contractor who can make a tie-in for the column.
After installing the equipment, you need to invite gas service specialists to connect the column and put the appropriate mark in the passport on the device.

Rules for installing gas appliances in an apartment

The least problems with the arrangement of individual heating arise for the owners of new apartments that are not connected to a centralized heating system. In this case, there is no need to visit the heating network and there is no need to disconnect from the risers, and the permission to mount gas heating in an apartment building may be in the package of documents for real estate.

But in this case, you need to adhere to certain rules. First of all, having documents on hand, you cannot install gas equipment yourself - this work must be performed by specialists. These can be not only employees of a gas supplying organization, but also representatives of a company with which this type of activity is licensed.

After completion of the installation, the engineer of the company supplying gaseous fuel will check the correctness of the connection and issue a permit to use the boiler. Only then can the valve leading to the apartment be opened.

Before starting, in accordance with the requirements for installing a boiler in an apartment building, an individual heat supply system must be checked. To do this, it is launched under a pressure of at least 1.8 atmospheres. This parameter can be monitored using the heating unit pressure gauge.

If the pipes are built into the floor or walls, it is advisable to increase the pressure and drive the coolant through them for at least 24 hours. Only after testing the system can you be sure that there are no leaks and that the connections are secure.

The equipment must be vented prior to starting. Since when installing a gas boiler in an apartment building, the systems are made closed, you need to use the Mayevsky taps available on the radiators. Air is released in each battery, bypassing them several times in turn until there is no air in them. The system can then be started up in operating mode - turn on the heat supply.

It should not be forgotten that modern units are controlled by automation, and such devices are demanding on voltage. Therefore, it is recommended to use a voltage stabilizer and an uninterruptible power supply. To protect the boiler from deposits accumulating on its inner surface, filters must be installed at the fuel and cold water inlets.

An electrical outlet and other gas appliance should be placed at a distance of at least 30 centimeters from the unit.

Installation rules

The homeowner does not need to know how to install a gas water heater in an apartment, since the installation must be carried out by a specialist who has the appropriate skills.

But the landlord needs to know what documents should be prepared, which authorities to contact, so that the procedure for installing the equipment is correct and legal:

Examine the documents for the apartment. In some houses it is forbidden to install speakers. For example, if the apartment is high or we are talking about installing a water gas heater in a studio apartment, then it will not work to install the equipment.
Buy a certified gas water heater according to your requirements and wishes.
Take the water and gas supply system diagrams from the management company, where the installation site of the equipment will be marked.
Contact the fire inspectorate with an application for the issuance of an act on the technical condition of the chimney.
Go to the gas service, be sure to take all the necessary papers with you. What documents gas workers need can be suggested by the chairman of the management company: a statement, documents of title to the apartment, the project of the chimney, the apartment plan (taken from the BTI), the passport of the owner of the apartment, documents for the column.
Wait until a gas service specialist comes on the appointed day, installs the equipment and issues an act of putting the column into operation.

Arrangement of a room for a boiler

It is best to install a wall-mounted gas appliance in a kitchen, the layout of which meets the standards for the placement of such equipment. Also in this room there is already a supply of both water and gas.

This is how the norms for installing a gas boiler in an apartment look like:

The area of the room where the installation of equipment is planned, when the ceilings in it are not lower than 2.5 meters, should exceed four square meters.
It is mandatory to have a window that opens. Its area should be 0.3 square meters. m. for 10 cubic meters of volume. For example, the dimensions of the room are 3x3 meters with a ceiling height of 2.5 meters. The volume will be 3x3 x2.5 = 22.5 m3. This means that the area near the window cannot be less than 22.5: 10 x 0.3 = 0.675 sq. m. This parameter for a standard window 1.2x0.8 = 0.96 sq. m. It will do, but the presence of a transom or a window is required.
The width of the front door cannot be less than 80 centimeters.
There should be ceiling vents.

Recommendations for the installation of gas equipment

In the documents attached to the product, each manufacturer describes the requirements for installing a gas boiler in an apartment. For the warranty provided by the manufacturers to be valid, the unit must be installed in accordance with their recommendations.

The list of requirements is as follows:

Wall mounted boiler separated from the walls with a non-combustible material. When tiled or covered with a layer of plaster, this will suffice. The appliance must not be immediately hung on a surface lined with wood.
Floor unit placed on a non-combustible base. If the floor has ceramic tiles or concrete, you do not need to do anything. A sheet of heat-insulating material should be placed on the wooden flooring, and a metal sheet should be fixed on top of it, the size of which exceeds the boiler's dimensions by 30 centimeters.

Rules for installing gas boilers in a private house

Before installing a gas boiler, you need to think about its location, the specifics of connecting to the heating system, and also obtain permission from the gas service. Since the specified unit is a source of danger, it must be installed in compliance with the requirements of the state standard.

Boiler location

Floor-standing equipment is usually located in a boiler room with ventilation.

According to the standards, the area of the room in which the device will be installed must be at least 4 sq. M. At the same time, the height of the ceilings is 2.5 m or more. The minimum door width in the room is 80 cm.

There must be a window opening in the room. 10 sq.m. area required 0.3 sq. m. window.

Many models of gas heating units must receive a natural flow of oxygen, therefore good ventilation is provided in the room. There must be a distance of at least 10 cm from the boiler to the nearest walls. They must be protected with fireproof material.

Premises in which the installation of gas heating equipment is prohibited:

the bases are not protected by refractory materials;
corridor, bathroom;
rooms without windows and vents;
basements of multi-storey buildings.

It is forbidden to install heating equipment on balconies.

Installation diagram

First, a plan is drawn up where the boiler and radiators will be located

For the installation of gas heating, preliminary preparation of the project is required, as well as the choice of the installation scheme and the piping of the boiler. The system contains the following elements: the heating unit itself, pipes and radiators, a circulation pump, filters on the incoming pipes. The safety block is mandatory.

DN15 valves are installed on gas connections. Products with a larger diameter are mounted on pipes with a coolant. Filters at the inlet from the water supply are installed in a horizontal position. The expansion tank, if it is not part of the boiler design, is mounted using additional fittings and attached to the return pipe. The drain connection is located at the lowest point of the heating system.

Installation requirements for gas units

For an atmospheric boiler, it is necessary to equip a full-fledged chimney

The room in which the gas boiler will be installed must have good ventilation. For every 1 kW of device power, 8 sq. Cm is allocated. the width of the air inlet. It should be mounted at the top of the room. In addition, you must comply with the following requirements:

All pipes through which the fuel will pass are made only of metal.
The diameter of the chimney depends on the power of the device. The minimum parameter is 10 cm. The part of the structure, which is located above the roof of the building, rises at least half a meter.
To prevent negative consequences in the event of a gas leak, an analyzer and a valve are installed in the room to cut off the fuel supply. Also, a meter must be installed to control the gas consumption.
If a private house has only 1 floor, it is allowed to install equipment in the basement. In multi-apartment and multi-storey buildings, such installation is strictly prohibited.
The device must be grounded, the boiler power supply system is carefully insulated.

If the device is installed on a wooden base, a refractory plate is placed under it: metal, asbestos or basalt cardboard. The location of the wall-mounted boiler is also strictly determined by sanitary rules and technical standards: the distance to the ceiling is 45 cm, to the floor - 30 cm, to the sides - 20 cm.To the opposite partition, the minimum distance is 1 m.If the device is mounted in a wooden room, between it and the back wall is laid with refractory material, the thickness of which is 3 cm.

The channels for the removal of combustion products can be located inside the main walls. The chimney must be built from non-combustible materials that do not corrode. The design provides for a technical hatch for cleaning the walls from soot, eliminating accumulated condensate. The smoke outlet must not be larger than the chimney itself.

Requirements for the arrangement of the chimney

When a gas boiler of any type is installed in an apartment of an apartment building, the chimney must not be made narrower than its outlet. If the device has an open combustion chamber and a power not exceeding 30 kW, the chimney cross-section cannot be less than 140 millimeters, and with a capacity of 40 kW - 160 millimeters in diameter.

If the boiler has a closed combustion chamber, it is equipped with a coaxial chimney with a cross-sectional size recommended by the manufacturer.

Then you need to adhere to these rules:

the pipe going up from the wall-mounted gas unit must have a length of at least 50 centimeters, and then only the elbow can be installed;
more than three bends must not be created along the entire length of the chimneys;
combustion products from appliances with open combustion chambers are removed into the chimney, and with closed ones - also into the chimney or through the wall directly to the street (the method depends on the project).

Autonomous heating in the apartment

Having decided to improve efficiency and reduce heating costs, the owners of residential premises in apartment buildings are wondering whether it is possible to put a gas boiler in an apartment with central heating. Replacing centralized heating with an autonomous circuit is a feasible task, the only obstacle to the implementation of which may be improper operating conditions of a gas boiler.

The main condition for installing a gas boiler in an apartment is the presence of a special chimney.

An obstacle to the installation can be a low pressure in the gas pipeline network, designed only for kitchen gas stoves. In this situation, connecting the boiler can further reduce the pressure in the system. Therefore, it is advisable to install equipment equipped with a closed combustion chamber with a coaxial chimney.

The choice of model depends on the specific needs of the owner.

Find out in more detail what conditions must be met in order to obtain a permit for individual heating in an apartment.

Choosing a gas boiler

Before putting a boiler in an apartment, you need to make the best choice. Wall and floor boilers can be installed in a multi-storey building. Wall models are considered more aesthetic and convenient in terms of placement. Their dimensions are comparable to the dimensions of kitchen wall cabinets and therefore they fit well into the interior of the room.

It will be more difficult with the installation of floor units, since they cannot always be pushed close to the wall. This nuance depends on the location of the smoke exhaust pipe.If it is on top, then the device, if desired, is moved to the wall.

Boilers also come in single and double-circuit. The first of them work only for heat supply, and the second - for heating and water heating. When other equipment is used for DHW, then a single-circuit model will suffice.

If the water is heated by a gas boiler, then you will have to choose one of two methods: an indirect heating boiler or a flow coil. Both options have disadvantages. When a coil is used, which means that instantaneous heating is carried out, not all units are able to maintain the set temperature.

For this reason, special operating modes must be set in boilers, they are called differently in different devices. For example, in Navien models (read about Navien boiler malfunctions), Beretta is “hot water priority”, and in Ferrolli it is “comfort”.

The disadvantage of boiler heating is that gaseous fuel is consumed to maintain a stable water temperature in the tank. Besides, the reserve of heated water is limited. After its consumption, you have to wait until the new portion heats up.

The choice of the above methods is an individual matter, but you need to remember that with the flow-through version you will have to focus on the productivity of heating water per minute, and with a boiler room - on the volume of the tank.

Gas units differ in the type of burner used, which are:

single-position;
two-position;
modulated.

The cheapest are single-position ones, but at the same time they are the most uneconomical, since they always operate at full capacity. Slightly more economical are two-position ones, which are capable of operating at both 100% power and 50%. The best burners are considered modulating because they have many operating modes, which saves fuel. Their performance is automatically controlled.

The burner is located in a combustion chamber, which can be either open or closed. Oxygen for open chambers comes from the room, and combustion products are removed through an atmospheric chimney.

Closed chambers are equipped with a coaxial chimney structure, and oxygen for combustion enters them from the street. In this case, the combustion products are removed along the central contour of the chimney, and air enters through the outside.

Floor-standing units are equipped with an inflatable or atmospheric burner. When a floor-standing boiler is installed in an apartment building, it is allowed to use an atmospheric burner in the apartment. Most of these gas appliances have a closed combustion chamber, which means that they are equipped with a turbine and a coaxial chimney.

Calculation of boiler power

When the type of heating unit is selected, you should decide on its power. If desired, you can order a heat engineering calculation that allows you to determine the heat loss in the premises. Based on this figure, they begin to select the boiler power.

It is possible not to make calculations, but to use the norms obtained by experience, according to which 1 kW of boiler power is required for 10 "squares" of the area. This result should be supplemented with a performance margin for various losses.

For example, to supply heat to an apartment with an area of 60 "squares", a 6 kW device is needed. If water heating is planned, add 50% and get 9 kW of power, and in case of abnormally cold weather, another 20-30%. The final result is 12 kW.

But this is a calculation for central Russia. If the settlement is located to the north, the unit's productivity should be increased further. The specific value depends on the degree of insulation of the house. For a panel or brick high-rise building, this will be 50% or more.

The boiler must have sufficient power to ensure comfort in the apartment, so you should not save on it.The cost difference won't be big. If an automated boiler is purchased, then there will be no overconsumption of gas, since such models of units are the most economical.

The process of obtaining a permit related to whether it is possible to put a gas boiler in an apartment is rather complicated, costly and time-consuming. But all the efforts are worth it, since it is much better to live at a comfortable indoor temperature. At the same time, you will have to pay for individual heating less than for centralized heating.

The procedure for registration of technical specifications TU

Technical specifications are obtained at the regional branch of the gas supply organization. This is the most important document; without it, it is simply pointless to start work on arranging an autonomous heating source.

The gas supplier enterprise must accept the application, establish whether it is possible to put a gas boiler in the apartment, issue the technical specifications to the customer or give a written refusal with arguments.

The owner of the premises can appeal against the actions of the monopolist in court.

It is better to entrust the drawing up of a statement for receipt to a specialist, because the initially incorrect indicated boiler power will later become the cause of poor-quality heat supply.

Considering that not all customers today are technically able to prepare the necessary documents, there are organizations that undertake to install a gas boiler in an apartment on a turnkey basis, starting from the moment the technical specification is received and until it is put into operation. It will be a little more expensive, but with a guaranteed result.

To issue permits for the development of project documentation, you will need to obtain an opinion from the fire supervision, housing and communal services on the state of ventilation systems.

If the ventilation cannot ensure the operation of the boiler, especially for structures with open furnaces, the inspection issues a prescription for the reconstruction of the ventilation systems.