Scope of use of wood heating
The most common way to heat summer cottages and country houses is with natural gas. However, firewood is also often used as a type of fuel, mainly for heating a country house... Usually, this option is resorted to if the region is not gasified and will not be gasified in the near future, or if the cost of connecting to the gas main is unreasonably high. Heating of dachas with wood is also popular in areas where large forests are located, and wood is readily available.
Heating summer cottages firewood can be carried out in two ways - using a furnace and using a solid fuel boiler.
Find out the cost of heating
What are cast iron solid fuel boilers
Traditional cast iron solid fuel Attack FD.
The main distinguishing feature of cast iron models is the resistance of cast iron to corrosion. Steel heat exchangers have not so thick walls, the resource of which is simply limited by the physical properties of the metal. Already after 12-15 years, the metal is destroyed and the heat exchanger is leaking. The situation can be slightly improved only by using a purified and softened coolant.
Cast iron heat exchangers have thicker walls, and the metal does not corrode, after many years it can only slightly rusty on the outside. Therefore, their service life when using any coolant is over 30 years.
Only light rust inside the sections of the cast iron heat exchanger after more than 7 years of operation.
However, there are many known disadvantages: first of all, fragility. It is necessary to transport and install cast iron boilers with special care, even not so strong mechanical damage can lead to cracks or destruction of sections. The situation is aggravated by the huge weight of such models - on average 150-220 kg, versions with a capacity of 40 kW or more can weigh over 300 and even 400 kg.
The cast iron heat exchanger consists of sections that are firmly connected to each other. Boiler power depends on the number of sections. Unlike a solid steel heat exchanger, a damaged section of a cast iron heat exchanger can be easily replaced.
Also, fragility is manifested in sensitivity to sudden temperature changes, for example, a large difference between the supply and return lines. In addition to carefully monitoring the temperature difference, the problem can be solved by installing a four-way mixing valve, through which a certain volume of heated coolant from the supply is mixed into the return line. To mitigate the above disadvantages, some leading manufacturers make the heat exchanger from more advanced alloys, for example, from gray cast iron alloys. However, the cost of such models is 20-50% higher.
The advantage and at the same time the disadvantage of cast iron heat exchangers is their high inertness. Cast iron heats up longer, but it also continues to give off thermal energy to the coolant much longer. However, it is impossible to fine-tune the operation of the boiler or quickly change the desired temperature level.
In cast iron solid fuel boilers, you can burn firewood, coal, wood briquettes, pellets, peat. Almost all models are capable of working on any of the types, however, there are also models, the design of which implies work only on wood.
There are both single-circuit, intended only for heating, and double-circuit models, designed for heating and hot water supply at home. The power of domestic cast iron boilers varies between 8-120 kW.
Long burning boilers
Separately, it is worth highlighting the long-playing models, in which the duration of combustion of one load is 2-5 days. This result is achieved by increasing the volume of the furnace and a more economical principle of combustion from top to bottom.
Often, solid fuel cast iron boilers for long burning are more technologically advanced and can be equipped with advanced automation. Despite the cast iron heat exchanger, the body is often made of steel, which reduces the weight and cost of the boiler. However, such models still cost 1.5-2 times more.
Boilers with a burning time of one fuel tab up to 7 days
Heating with a solid fuel boiler
Method two heating a country house firewood - the use of a full-fledged heating system with a solid fuel boiler as heating equipment. At the same time, there are different boilers for each type of solid fuel, it is necessary to purchase a wood-burning boiler, and not a pellet or peat one.
It is necessary from time to time to place dry firewood in the combustion chamber of the boiler. When they are burned, heat is released, due to this, the coolant is heated. Combustion is regulated by opening and closing the damper. The more air enters the combustion chamber, the more intense the combustion process.
Equipment power
Ultimately, for the boiler, it is not so much the details of its internal structure that are important as the main performance indicators that have been achieved using a number of engineering innovations. The most important and defining parameter of the boiler is its rated instantaneous power. The heat capacity for different types of fuel is different, as well as for different types of firewood, the manufacturer cannot accurately predict it and calculate the rated power in a particular operating mode.
Determination of power occurs according to two indicators. By the volume of the firebox, one can judge the weight of the bookmark. On average, it is believed that for every kilowatt of power of a wood-burning boiler there is 2.5-3 liters of the volume of the combustion chamber. Having received the instantaneous value of the power released during combustion, it is possible to predict how much of it can be absorbed by the heat exchanger at different operating temperatures. Usually, absorption is deliberately made higher than the calculated heat release in combustion conditions close to optimal, but this approach is fraught with trouble.
The fact is that all wood-burning boilers suffer from a common disease - the formation of tar due to the high moisture content of the burned wood. Condensation only occurs when the temperature difference is high enough. So, the formation of build-ups on the economizer or secondary heat exchanger can stop when the heat carrier heats up to 40-45 ºС. The bottom line is that if you load the boiler by half, its power will not be enough for normal heating of the walls and heat exchangers, because of which the equipment will simply "flow".
The main disadvantages of using firewood for heating a summer cottage are:
- Labor intensity of operation - it is necessary to constantly add firewood to the combustion chamber of the boiler;
- The need to allocate part of the room (or a separate room) for storing firewood;
- Relatively low efficiency of this method.
About company
has been engaged in heating installation and water supply of country houses, cottages, summer cottages on the territory of Moscow and the Moscow region. Her motto is “Fast! Qualitatively! Safe! " This company employs experienced and qualified specialists (we do not resort to the services of guest workers) who are able to design and install the system in the shortest possible time heating cottages with woodthat will work properly for a long time.
A dacha is a country house where we strive to move with our family in the summer, take a break from the noise of city life, breathe in the fresh clean air of the forests. Enjoy the silence, peace, throw off the hustle and bustle of the big city. It's nice to go out into the courtyard in the morning and breathe in the clear country air, hear birds singing, chirping crickets. A sudden change in weather can lead to a cold snap, especially in early spring or autumn. Increasingly, people prefer to live outside the city, and come to work in the metropolis. Under these conditions, heating a summer house can be an important element of a comfortable life.
Heat carrier temperature
Allocate the nominal and minimum water temperature at the inlet to the boiler. The nominal temperature is the temperature that the device must provide under normal operating conditions. It usually ranges from 60 to 110 ° C.
The minimum temperature must be observed in order to avoid low-temperature corrosion of the pipeline due to the formation of condensation in it.
The maximum temperature at the outlet of the boiler is such a level at which the boiling of the coolant does not occur. Usually it is 110-115 ° C.
The unit with this indicator is intended for individual use. But there are also products with a higher maximum temperature value. They are used to equip CHP plants.
Gradient. This is the temperature difference between the water entering and leaving the boiler. Usually its value is 50-55 ° С. The gradient index is influenced by the material from which the equipment is made.
Heating of a summer house with wood
In a country rich in forests, wood heating is the most demanded and inexpensive. The main disadvantage in this case is the need to constantly maintain the temperature in the boiler for a comfortable stay in the house. Providing heating of the summer cottage, it is worth considering the installation of a combined boiler operating on several energy sources. You can supply a boiler that runs on solid fuel with a possible transition to liquid or electricity. If you visit the cottage exclusively in the summer, you can install a fireplace in it. This will not only allow you to heat the room at night or during a sharp cold snap, but also add an additional romantic touch to the design of the summer cottage. It is wonderful to sit by an open fire, listen to the crackling of logs, watch the dancing of flames. Such a pastime perfectly helps to relieve the stress of a working day. Heating a summer house with wood is more aesthetic than practical, if you do not plan to live in it for a long time, but come only for a short time to relax.
Design features and principle of operation
Wood-fired boilers can be used to heat a house, to heat cold water, and at the same time, both for heating and for obtaining hot water. Since a heating boiler using wood as fuel is exposed to open fire and corrosive condensate, special grades of steel or cast iron must be used for the manufacture of its firebox and water jacket.
The device and principle of operation of a solid fuel hot water boiler
Heating with wood in a private house can be created using the following types of heating equipment:
- pyrolysis heating devices;
- long burning boilers;
The wood-fired pyrolysis heating device consists of two combustion chambers. In one of them, the primary combustion of wood is carried out, in which flue gases are released. In the second chamber, these flue gases are completely burned, releasing additional heat. This heat generation technology can significantly reduce the consumption of fuel materials.
The choice in favor of solid fuel boilers is not accidental
A long-burning hot water boiler has a high efficiency. It is able to provide uniform heating of the coolant and low fuel consumption with high heat transfer rates. How long will one tab of firewood burn? As a rule, one bookmark of firewood is enough to operate a hot water boiler for 24-48 hours.
Wood-fired hot water heating equipment is a closed vessel. The wood loaded into the firebox burns out and releases heat energy, which heats up the coolant in the hot water circuit. Further, the water from the heat exchanger enters the heating system of the house under pressure, heating all its rooms.
Consequences of progress
In large cities, firewood and wood-burning stoves have long been replaced by gas, electricity, and in some places oil products. Nevertheless, there are still places where the heating is wood.
For example, in the country. It is not very profitable to carry out heating at the dacha, to pay for it every month, given that you do not live in the dacha, only occasionally stop by. It also happens that there is simply no way to carry out central heating due to the lack of communications. Or there are communications, but constant gas, electricity or water supply cuts make the use of autonomous heating impossible.
Heating the cottage with wood, in these cases, is the only possible way out of the situation, since freezing in frost is not the best and most practical solution.
Heating equipment and automation catalog in our catalog
Possible methods of electrical heating
Electric heating systems for suburban real estate is a comfortable and economical, and sometimes the only way to organize heating of suburban buildings. The low cost of equipment, simple installation and ease of maintenance make electrical systems a significant player in the market for heating equipment for summer cottages.
Depending on the heating method, a distinction is made between traditional and direct heating methods.
Straight
Direct heating means space heating by means of end devices, without the use of heat carriers and electric heating boilers. For giving with this method of heating, devices such as electric underfloor heating, infrared heaters, convective installations, air cannons and other devices are used.
The direct heating method has several advantages:
- fast heating rate of the cottage in comparison with traditional installations;
- heaters look aesthetically pleasing and do not require the use of pipes and risers;
- heating devices are supplied with individual thermostats, which allow to control the temperature in each separate room in automatic mode;
- implementation of complex strapping schemes is not required;
- electric heaters are silent and do not require a lot of space.
Among the disadvantages of this method, the following should be said:
- centralized control of heating devices is impossible;
- a large amount of consumed electricity;
- insufficient security of some devices;
- lack of the possibility of organizing hot water supply.
Traditional
With the traditional method of heating, boiler installations are used - such as an electric domestic hot water boiler.
Boilers are linked to radiators and can be both the main and backup energy source for heating the coolant.
The advantages of traditional heating methods:
- reliability and durability of the heating system;
- the possibility of centralized management of the system;
- the possibility of organizing a hot water supply system;
- cost-effective compared to direct heating systems;
- operational safety.
Negative sides of electric heating boilers for summer cottages:
- installation of heating devices, a boiler and heating pipes is required.
I must say that direct heating methods are often used as temporary ones - for the period while traditional systems are being installed or in those cases when the dacha is used for living from time to time. In other cases, summer residents still prefer traditional methods of heating their homes.
Asked about the organization of the heating system, the owners of the summer cottage are faced with the question of how to choose a suitable electric heating boiler for the summer cottage.
Urgent plumbing services
The specialization of our company is the provision of high quality plumbing services with excellent service and an obligatory guarantee for the work performed. For many years, we have been performing plumbing works of any complexity both in apartments and in the private sector. We have a team of highly qualified plumbers with extensive experience in the industry. Working for ten years, we have learned to find the right solution even in the most difficult situations.
We provide the following plumbing services for our clients:
- Installation and dismantling of plumbing systems
- Installation of any plumbing equipment (installation of a washbasin, installation of a mixer in the bathroom, installation of a mixer in the kitchen, installation of a toilet bowl, installation of bathrooms, installation of a shower cabin, etc.)
- Installation and connection of household appliances (washing machine, dishwasher, boiler, etc.).
- Repair of plumbing equipment.
- Replacement of water pipes in the apartment.
- Calling a plumber around the clock Moscow and the region.
The basic principles of work of a plumber of our organization
The main principle of our work Is an individual approach to everyone, because we value our clients. The specialists of our company work only with the latest equipment and use high quality materials. We are confident that only an experienced, constantly improving master is able to fully bear responsibility for the work performed and guarantee high quality.
We work with clients directly and that is why we have the most favorable conditions for both parties. A flexible system of discounts applies to sanitary works. For each potential client, we provide a free consultation on the choice of materials and inform on other issues of interest.
We give each client a guarantee ... Thanks to this, you can be sure that our team of specialists performs plumbing work at a high level and in a short period of time.
Calculating the cost of heating
Heating system repair cost
Water supply installation cost
Engineering systems: heating water supply:
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Making a wood boiler with your own hands
Is it difficult to make a wood-burning boiler for your home with your own hands? The main condition for this design is the thickness and grade of the steel used. In factory models, the outer casing is made of heat-resistant steel with a thickness of 1.5 mm. For a heat exchanger, these parameters should be larger - from 2 mm.
The best option is to create a welded structure that will be similar in shape to the factory models. However, if you calculate the labor intensity of the work and the cost of materials, the difference between buying and making it yourself will be small. Therefore, as an alternative to wood-burning stoves for a home with water heating, simple steel barrels are often used. The main condition is their wall thickness - from 1.5 mm.
For manufacturing, you need a capacity of about 200 liters. It is cut along and a partition is installed inside. Its length should be less than the length of the barrel. This is necessary for the installation of grates.
Then holes are cut on the front side for mounting the doors. They should be selected in advance so as not to be mistaken with the size. To remove carbon monoxide, a chimney is cut into the back of the structure. Its diameter can be from 50 to 100mm.
However, judging by the reviews about such a wood-burning heating boiler, the following disadvantages can be noted:
- Low efficiency rate;
- Heating of the case, which can lead to burns when touched;
- Short service life.
Similar designs are used to heat small utility rooms - a garage, warehouse, etc. For the home, it is best to purchase a factory quality model. It will match modern wood-fired heating schemes.
| Boiler model | power, kWt | Cost, rub. |
| Buderus Logano G221 | 20 | 69900 |
| Dakon DOR F 24 | 24 | 60300 |
| Proterm DLO 30 | 24 | 58450 |
Before making a homemade wood-burning boiler for the heating system, it is necessary to calculate the optimal dimensions of the firebox.
