Saving electricity: calculating solar collector performance

Ultrasonic humidifiers of the LAURO series A novelty of the season - the ultrasonic humidifiers ROYAL Clima of the LAURO series are available for shipment ...
Novelty 2020 ROYAL Clima VISTA Breeze - Climatic systems presented a novelty for 2020 - split-system ROYAL Clima VISTA series ...
Annual conference on marketing OOO ‘BDR Thermia Rus’ on August 24 held the second annual Conference on marketing for ...
Techno exhibition hall is open for guests Techno trade mark distributor LLC Trading House TechnoKlimat-SeveroZapad opened in St. Petersburg ...
Updated Uponor Smatrix Wave range Today, the updated Smatrix Wave range allows you to control more than just underfloor heating and cooling ...
Renga MEP. Let's get acquainted! Renga Software begins to introduce users to the new BIM software product Renga MEP, so that potential ...
Aquatherm Almaty 2020 Exhibition Exhibitors will present a wide range of equipment and solutions from 170 leading global manufacturers and suppliers from 19 countries ...
Expansion of the range of room thermostats Siemens has expanded the range of room thermostats for retail and shops….
Vitovent 300-W air handling unit In August 2020, Viessmann presented a compact air handling unit in Russia ...
The leadership of the REHAU group of companies changed. William Christensen became the new Chief Executive Officer of the concern, and ...
Huge Sun Ray Collector for 220 Households in Melbourne What if the renewable energy infrastructure was functional and beautiful? ...
In wind power, as opposed to solar, downtime ... Vaisala has long recommended a balanced portfolio of renewables ...
Leaders of the world fuel and energy complex will meet in Moscow 130 businessmen have already confirmed their participation in the Russian Energy Week International Forum ...
The championship is over. Long live the Championship! Exactly one year remains to prepare for the WorldSkills World Championship ...
BOILERS AND BURNERS - 2020 On October 2-5, St. Petersburg will host the 16th International Exhibition on Thermal Power Engineering, which will present the most modern ...
Lemax does not hide anything from its consumer. The manufacturer of heating and water heating equipment conducts study tours ...
TVZ was interested in PROFACTOR TM products. The company's engineering plumbing was interested in Tver Carriage Works OJSC ...
Top honors for Wilo Two of the largest corporate reporting and brand management agencies have honored the company with the prestigious Platinum and Gold Awards ...
Evolution program promotes competitiveness Lumière du Soleil marketing agency has launched the Evolution gratis program for Russian enterprises ...
The 300th FRISQUET boiler was installed in the Glagolevo Park settlement. The boiler was supplied by, which specializes in designing ...
We invite you to the opening of Techno representative office In St. Petersburg on August 23 at 12:00 a showroom will open, where Techno convectors will be presented ...
There will be 40 million charging stations in the world by 2030 Due to the growing demand for electric vehicles around the world, the demand for recharging will increase and will be installed before ...
Will mass production of assemblies reduce the cost of foundations for offshore wind turbines? How can a prototype remain as strong ...
Danfoss Eco ™ Recognized for Best Design Again The Danfoss thermostat, already recognized by several prestigious juries, has won a new Red Dot ...
New impeller for improved suction performance KSB has developed a special impeller for multistage pumps ...
LG Electronics specialists summed up the results of the past year LG Electronics specialists and HVAC equipment professionals summed up the results ...
A Practical Guide to Roof Boiler Houses The BDR Thermia Rus company has issued a guide to roof boilers summarizing the experience of using ...

forum.c-o-k.ru

The role of the collector in heating

When arranging a water pumping unit, it is necessary to adhere to the rule: the total sum of the diameters of all branches should not exceed the diameter of the supply line.

We apply this law to the heating system, but it will look like this: the boiler outlet nozzle with a diameter of 1 "is allowed for use in a two-circuit system with pipes with a diameter of ½".

For a house with a small cubic capacity that is heated exclusively by radiators, this kind of system is considered productive.

In practice, a private cottage is equipped with a more modernized heating circuit, where additional circuits are equipped:

underfloor heating system;
heating of several floors;
utility rooms, etc.

When the branch is connected, the level of the operating pressure in the circuits becomes insufficient for high-quality heating of all radiators, respectively, and the comfortable atmosphere mode will be violated.

In this case, a balancing unit is equipped with a distribution manifold for a branched heating main. Using this method, it is possible to compensate for the cooling of the heated coolant, which is characteristic of traditional one- and two-pipe schemes.

By means of equipment and shut-off valves, the required parameters of the coolant temperature are set for each of the lines.

Main characteristics of the collector system

The main difference between the collector and the standard linear method of redistribution of the heat carrier is the division of flows into several independent channels. Various modifications of collector units can be used, differing in configuration and size range.

The design of the welded manifold is quite simple. The required number of nozzles is connected to the comb, which is a round or square pipe, which, in turn, are connected to the individual lines of the heating circuit. The collection unit itself is interfaced with the main pipeline.

Also, shut-off valves are installed, through which the volume and temperature of the heated liquid in each of the circuits is regulated.

The positive aspects of operating a heating system based on a distribution manifold are as follows:

The centralized distribution of the hydraulic circuit and temperature indicators occurs evenly. The simplest model of a two- or four-loop type ring comb can balance the performance quite effectively.
Regulation of operating modes of the heating main. The process is reproduced due to the presence of special mechanisms - flow meters, mixing unit, shut-off and control valves and thermostats. However, their installation requires correct calculations.
Convenience of service. The need for preventive or repair measures does not require shutting down the entire heating network. Due to the sliding pipeline fittings mounted on each separate circuit, it is possible to easily shut off the flow of the coolant in the required area.

However, there are also disadvantages to such a system. First of all, the pipe consumption increases. Compensation of hydraulic losses is carried out by installing a circulation pump. It is required to be installed on all collector groups. In addition, this solution is relevant only in closed-type heating systems.

Distance from the system to important objects

To calculate the distance from the parts of the external drainage system, it is necessary to take into account the fact that even an emergency situation on the pipeline should not cause harm to the ecological situation. For this reason, based on the current sanitary norms and rules prescribed in SNiP, the minimum distance to important objects should be as follows:

At least 5 meters from the septic tank to the nearest residential building.
30 meters from the sewer to the nearest reservoir.
20 meters to a well with drinking water or a well.
3 meters from the tree.
At least 20 meters from the road or the border of the site.
At least 20 meters to a river or stream.

The implementation of the above sanitary standards is under the control of the authorities, as well as the sanitary and epidemiological station. If inconsistencies are identified on the site, the owner may be held administratively liable. In this case, the sewer system will have to be completely refurbished in accordance with current rules.

It is also worth noting that there is no clause in the regulations that regulates the depth of the septic tank. For this reason, in the process of its equipment, it is necessary to be guided by a pipe that fits to the body at an angle. On the issue of the depth of freezing, you should not bother too much, because inside the septic tank a positive temperature is constantly maintained due to the organic decomposition of wastewater.

Manifold unit modifications

Before proceeding with the collection of the manifold assembly, it is necessary to determine its functional load. The equipment can be installed in several sections of the heating main. Based on this, the necessary equipment, dimensions and level of automation of the working cycle are selected.

In fact, two devices are required for the full operation of such a node. With the help of a comb, the heat carrier is distributed along the contours from the central supply pipeline. The return collector channel is represented by a collection mechanism and a point where the cooled liquid is sent to the boiler.

The installation of a homemade distribution group may be required when arranging water-heated floors or to prepare standard heating with radiators.

Distinctive features of both options are their sizes and accessories:

Boiler room... The welded manifold group is manufactured from pipes with a diameter of up to 100 mm. A circulation pump and shut-off valves are installed on the supply. The return ring is equipped with shut-off ball valves.
Underfloor heating system... A similar equipment is present in this mixing unit. With its help, it is possible to significantly save on the consumption of the heat carrier, especially if additional flow meters are installed.

Each of these solutions provides for an individual installation scheme. Correct installation of all elements can be carried out only after detailed calculations of all parameters of the operating point.

There are also differences in the required number of circulation pumps. In the boiler room, each line is equipped with this device. For underfloor heating only one is provided.

Storm sewer slope

In this matter, it is important to remember that the calculation of sewage must be carried out both for the parts of the main line and for the drainage ditch. The smallest threshold value to be observed for these branches will depend on the type of coating as well as the diameter. The required parameter must be at least 3%. However, it is often increased to a value of 5-7%. Speaking directly about the pipeline, the minimum value of the angle of inclination will be calculated taking into account the identical features that were mentioned earlier.

Distribution unit design

There is simply no universal scheme for a beam-type heating project. Each case is individual, therefore, the unit is completed with the necessary devices in a private way. However, it is worth reading the general guidelines and rules.

Comb installation rules

Collector installation is not possible in the apartment. However, there is an exception to the rule - in some houses, when arranging all communications, additional valves are mounted, through which the heating circuits are connected.Such a device allows for individual manifold wiring.

The schematic arrangement of heating should be drawn up in such a way that the location of the Mayevsky tap is on the comb. This option is considered optimal, since over time, accumulated air will need to be released from the circuits.

Features of the beam group

The beam wiring group has many features, but some of them are also characteristic for heating another modification:

The circuit must include a compensation tank with a volume of more than 10% of the total volume of the heat carrier.
The optimal location of the expansion tank is on the return pipeline in front of the circulation pump, since there is a lower temperature regime.
If a thermo-hydraulic distribution is used, the circuit is designed so that the tank is located in front of the main pump, which is responsible for the forced movement of water in the boiler piping.
The circulation pump is installed in a strictly horizontal position. If you do not adhere to this rule, at the first airlock, the device will lose cooling and lubricant.

The distribution group can be assembled from various materials: polypropylene or metal. The selection is carried out based on the skills of work and the availability of tools for connecting parts.

The process of selecting pipes for the installation of a distribution group is also considered important. The main factors taken into account when choosing contour elements:

Purchase of pipes only as a solid element - in coils. Due to this, connections are not made in the wiring installed under the concrete screed.
Heat resistance and tensile strength must be determined individually, based on the technical data of the heating system.

Due to the predictability of the performance of autonomous heating, polypropylene pipes can be used. They have no unwanted connections and are sold in one-piece 200m lines.

The material is thermally stable and can withstand up to 95 ° C with an allowable burst pressure of 10 kg / 1 cm2.

For a multi-storey building, it is preferable to choose a stainless steel corrugated pipe. This material shows excellent technical capabilities to cope with such a load:

heated coolant up to 100 ° C, which is more than enough for the heating circuit;
pressure up to 15 atm .;
breaking pressure up to 210 kg / 1 cm2.

Fittings designed for polypropylene can be plastic or made of brass. The spigot connection is equipped with a retaining ring, which is threaded onto the pipeline.

An important characteristic of polypropylene pipes is memory for mechanical processing, as a result of which plastic deformation of the substance occurs.

For example, when the pipes are stretched with an extender and the fitting is inserted into the connector, after a certain time the pipe will return to its previous state and crimp the part. The contact can be fixed with a retaining ring.

Calculation of the heating manifold

Initially, for the manufacture of a thermo-hydraulic comb, you will need to calculate its main parameters - the length, cross-sectional diameter of the branch pipes and the number of branches of the heating main. You can calculate these characteristics yourself or use special software.

The hydraulic balance of the structure is the main condition to be observed. Applying the rule of three diameters for a hydraulic separator, it is necessary to perform the following action - sum up the cross-sectional diameter of the connected circuits.

As a result, we get an amount equal to the diameter of the main pipe connecting to the supply line. The use of this principle reduces the likelihood of imbalance in the entire heating system.

A special cabinet or case is used as a place for a distribution unit.When arranging the system, it is necessary to adhere to the permissible minimum distance between the two heat-conducting lines of the inlet and outlet - 6 diameters.

The issue of the correct selection of the performance of the circulation pump is also relevant. To do this, it is necessary to calculate the specific rate of water consumption of the system and, based on the results, select the pump. If the scheme is complicated by several combs, the calculation is performed for each individual contour and in general for the entire system.

Self-assembly of equipment can be carried out by means of a pipe with any kind of cross-section. This aspect does not affect the functioning of the device and does not increase local losses. They will be compensated by the circulation pump.

Component selection rules

After completing all the calculations, the next step will be the selection of the required set of mechanisms. The simplest set consists of valves. However, with such a device, it is difficult to regulate the power of individual heating lines.

To solve this problem, crane axle boxes are installed on the feed comb, through which smooth adjustment is possible. Rotameters are mounted on the return manifold.

For warm water floors, the configuration will be different. The assembly will require the following elements:

Shut-off and control valve. Installation is carried out on connecting pipes. With the help of this valve, a complete or partial stop of the flow of the coolant is carried out. It is recommended to use automatic modification.
Rotameters. Such elements are mounted on a return manifold. They perform a similar function as the previous element, only in the return pipe.
Mixing unit. By mixing the streams of hot and cold water, the preset operating mode of heating is optimized.

The manifold kit is necessarily equipped with a safety group headed by a pressure gauge, an air valve, a thermostat and a circulation pump. It can be supplemented with servos, the control of which is reproduced through the control electrical unit. Thus, the work of the system can be automated.

The subtleties of self-assembly

Before making the collector, it is necessary to draw up a diagram with the location of all elements of the assembly. It is better to choose steel pipes with a square section as a material of manufacture. This type is easy to process, which significantly reduces labor costs for the installation of nozzles.

The step-by-step production process for the prefabricated switchgear assembly is as follows:

Layout and cutting of the main body. According to the design scheme, it is necessary to mark the profile pipe. With a gas cutter, holes are made in the marked areas.
Preparation of connections. A thread is cut on the branch pipes by means of a die.
Completion. Next, the prepared pipe sections are welded to the body. Their fixation must be carried out by tacking spot welding. Then, in the main welding, the workpieces are welded along the edges.
Fasteners. Brackets for fastening are welded to the block.
Cleaning and finishing. After stripping, the body is primed and covered with heat-resistant paint for metal products. The supply and return circuits are painted with two different colors for ease of identification.

If polypropylene pipes are used for manufacturing, you should pay attention to the presence of a reinforcing layer in them. In its absence, the plastic structure may be subject to deformation from the existing temperature regime.

For those who do not have special tools available, a comb can be assembled from individual pre-fabricated elements. It is better to select components from the same company.

Sewerage types

Two main systems are used:

The first is used in limited cases:

the location of the source of wastewater is located below the main line of the drainage system;
difficult terrain;
drainage receiver, located above the building.

The most common type is a gravity drainage system. Due to a number of factors:

simplicity of design;
absence of external forced sources of movement of liquid waste (electric pump);
independence from electricity;
simplified installation;
less durable, hence cheaper products are used.

Installing a comb in the heating system

The primary task is to check the distribution manifold for tightness of the connections. The installation is implemented according to the design scheme. Depending on the material used for the manufacture of the main unit, the connection conditions are determined.

The choice of connection technology depends entirely on the modification of the device used.

In addition to maintaining the level, during installation it is necessary to follow the following rules:

electric and gas boilers are connected to the upper or lower branch pipes;
a circulation pump is mounted at the end of the structure;
the connection of the circuits can be carried out at the top or bottom of the comb;
indirect heating devices and boilers operating on solid fuels must be connected to the distribution group from the side;
the entire hydraulic separation unit for the underfloor heating system is placed in a protective box - this reduces the risk of damage to the constituent elements of the collector.

At the final stage, it is necessary to carry out a control start of heating in order to timely determine the hidden or obvious shortcomings of the design made.

Useful video on the topic

Detailed technical process for assembling the manifold group:

Ready-made combs for arranging underfloor heating, equipped with not always the necessary functionality, due to their high cost, are not available to the wide masses of users. Let's see how to assemble a budget design with our own hands:

The distribution group can also be implemented using polypropylene pipes. How to do this, you can learn from the video:

Correct selection of all components and installation of the manifold assembly is the key to efficient and reliable operation of the heating main. Due to the minimum number of connections, the possibility of leaks is minimized. Special comfort comes from the ability to control and adjust each heating circuit.

sovet-ingenera.com

Counting materials

After the sewage system for 4 people has been fully calculated, you can proceed to the stage of calculating the required number of pipes and other materials for work. Such actions will help the owner understand the cost of the project and correctly form the budget for future work.

To complete the task, you should draw a plan of the site or apartment and transfer each element of the drainage system to it. After that, it will not be difficult to carry out the final calculation of the length of the pipeline.

Calculation formula

In the form of a formula, the area rule will look like this:

S0 = S1 + S2 + S3 + Sn,

where S0 is the cross-sectional area of the comb,

S1-Sn - cross-sectional areas of outgoing branches.

The pipelines included in the hydrocollector are not taken into account.

This formula can be brought into a more understandable form, remembering the school geometry course. The cross-section is calculated using the formula S = π * r², but for simplicity and convenience, it is better to calculate the collector through the diameter: S = π * d2 / 4. Following this formula, the original equality is converted to this construction:

π * d02 / 4 = π * d12 / 4 + π * d22 / 4 + π * d32 / 4 + π * dn2 / 4,

where d0 denotes the diameter of the comb,

d1-dn - internal dimensions of the branch branches.

Reducing the number Pi and putting everything under the square root sign, you can greatly simplify the calculations:

d0 = 2 * √ (d1² / 4 + d2² / 4 + d3² / 4 + dn² / 4).

This is how a universal formula is derived, suitable for calculating a hydrocollector of any complexity and configuration. If all the outgoing heating branches are of the same size, the equality becomes even more simplified:

d0 = 2 * √ (d1² / 4 * N),

where N denotes the number of branches branching from the comb.

In addition to the dimensions of the collector pipes, the distances between them must also be taken into account. So, the distance between the inlet and outlet groups of branches should be equal to six diameters, and the branches of the heating circuits should be separated from each other by three sizes.

Choosing the right pipe diameter

H2_2

It is not enough to disassemble the calculation scheme for the comb diameter in order to assemble an effective hydrocollector. It is also necessary to understand what diameter the pipes must be in order to maintain the balance of the system. The selection of pipes is based on their inner diameter, which determines the cross-sectional area and throughput, that is, the amount of water that can pass through the heating system per unit of time.

It is believed that in order to ensure a comfortable temperature, the branches extending from the collector should give 1 kW of heat for every 10 m2 of the room. Usually, a 20% margin is provided in case of excessive frost, that is, 1.2 kW is needed for every 10 m.Taking into account that the optimal speed of movement of the coolant is 0.4-0.7 m / s, and its temperature is 80 degrees, for a room with an area of 20 m2, pipes with a cross section of about 10 mm are needed. The flow rate of water leaving the hydrocollector will be 110 l / h.

The calculation of all these figures is carried out according to a complex formula, which is easier to replace with a table. Using the table, you can easily correlate the size of the room with the required size of the pipelines, knowing the required heat output of the system.

The simplified calculation scheme looks like this: D = √354 ∙ (0.86 ∙ Q: Δt): V, where:

D is the pipe diameter in centimeters;
Q is the thermal power of heating in kilowatts (1.2 kW for every 10 m2);
Δt is the temperature difference between the supply from the comb (80 degrees) and the return (usually 65-70 degrees);
V - water speed in m / s (0.4-0.7 m / s in the optimal version).

Separately, it is worth noting the required power of the pumping unit installed in the hydrocollector. It makes the water circulate inside the heating system. It is based on the flow rate, which, in turn, depends on the water flow rate and pipe diameter and is measured in m3 / h.

Trunk parameters

The main characteristic of the drainage system for domestic and storm water is its throughput. Depends on the diameter of the PVC pipe and the flow rate of the liquid medium.

The speed of movement is determined by the pressure of the drains. The maximum indicators are obtained with a massive one-step discharge of a certain volume of liquid waste and a pipe slope.

Recommended slope values for private housing construction:

for a pipe Ø 50 mm, - a difference of 30 mm per 1 running meter;
Ø 110 m, - 20 mm per 1 running meter;
Ø 160 mm, - 8 mm per 1 running meter;
Ø 200 mm, - 7 mm per 1 running meter

Note. The diameters of the pipes, along the course of the drain, must be equal or increase.

The main indicators are given in SNiP 2.04.03-85 (SP 32.13330.2012) “Sewerage. External networks and facilities ".

Calculation example

To make the reservoir calculation formula more clear and understandable, it is worth considering an example situation. Let's say you have a house with an area of 100 sq. m., which has two heating circuits and one heating circuit for domestic use. Accordingly, three branches will be included in the hydrocollector. It is necessary to calculate the required size of the comb so that there is enough hot water for all circuits of the system.

The inner diameter of the collector pipes can be found from the tables of correspondence of diameters and materials from which they are made, or you can calculate it yourself using a simple ruler. For example, let's take a size equal to 20 mm. All three pipes of the system will be the same for us. You need to substitute the number 20 in the previously derived formula, and then it turns out:

d0 = 2 * √ (202/4 * 3) = 2 * √300 ≈ 36 mm

Important! Please note that if after extracting the root a fractional number is obtained, it should be rounded up so that the size of the comb will probably fit.

In the example shown, the internal diameter of the collector must be at least 36 mm.You can choose the right material for the pipe that forms the hydrocollector from the same tables, or by consulting in hardware stores.

domotopim.ru

Unfortunately, it is impossible to explain in detail on all points within the framework of the forum, and citing evidence. And although some people usually take offense at such an answer, all the same, I have to say that the only way to understand everything is to read, read and read the textbooks again. It is impossible to copy and paste all the textbooks here in response.

Therefore, I tried to show you the directions where you made a mistake and where you should go, so that you can figure it out on your own with the help of search engines and textbooks.

But in a nutshell it is impossible to teach this, excuse me. For example, a trainer at a fitness club has advised you to work out certain muscle groups. But the coach will not be able to work them out for you.

On some points you immediately began to argue. But there is neither time nor desire to argue with you and prove something. Just think that if you were given advice, then there was a reason for it. It's up to you to use them or not. And only you decide whether you need to study these issues or not. But since you are doing the project yourself, and have not hired a competent designer, then I assume that you still need it.

Additional answers:

1. Yes. Up to +75 on the boiler feed for a cold five-day period. If you do not want the pipes to crack after a while. 2. Only you know if you will have all the pipes covered with thermal insulation. And what kind of insulation. And where will be laid. If the pipes are not thermally insulated, then the value should also be 0%. And as you indicated, the thermal insulation of ALL pipes is absolutely 80%, but this cannot be. This means that this is a gross mistake that will lead to incorrect results, including the wrong choice of the power of the OP. I hope you don’t start asking why this cannot be. 3. Why would such long "guts" be made with dead-end branches around the entire perimeter of the house? Couldn't it have been divided into two "dead-end" lines on each floor? 4. Once you started designing a heating system, you should know the terms. What, for example, is a radio engineer who asks to explain to him what Ohm's law is, and what are current, voltage and resistance? If you take up the development of CEA, then referring to ignorance of Ohm's law is generally nonsense. Now you don't need to walk around the reading rooms, as we did in the early 1980s. Find and read with a search engine (textbooks, not forums) without taking your fifth point off your chair. 5. So read in the textbooks what the terms indicated in the calculation parameters of the system mean. And set their values not thoughtlessly, but realizing what you want to get, and how these parameters will affect the calculation. 6. And who should study and understand this for you? For example, when using propylene glycol antifreeze with a concentration of 30%, it is prohibited to make a setting of more than +70 degrees at the boiler feed. You consider the boiler feed setpoint +90 !!! And instead of immediately asking counter-questions "Why?" or "And why does my neighbor stand and not fall ...?" - open literature and study. Who will work on your own muscle groups for you? 7. "Silently" serve. Generally a strange question. And they themselves must understand why GB cannot be installed after the shut-off valve. If you do not understand, then it is unlikely that anyone will want to write explanations on many pages. Take and finally read literature, not forums. 8. Well, if you think the need to use a parachute when jumping from an airplane is a marketing move, then you can jump without a parachute. Even when I cite an excerpt from SNIP, even then a large number of stubborn installers-hackers begin to talk, they say SNIP was written by idiots, but they are smarter than all the designers put together. https://master-otoplenie.ru/otoplenie/47-ki...emost-trub.html

You can consider the oxygen permeability of the pipe stupid and get something like this -

Post has been edited Inchin

— 20.4.2015, 14:46

Graphical method for calculating the hot water supply system

Since no special precision is required to determine the amount of equipment that needs to be purchased to organize solar water heating and supply it to the house, many manufacturers and suppliers of hot water systems have developed their own calculation methods, translating them into simple graphs.

According to such schedules, any potential buyer can independently determine their needs for certain components of the water heating system. Below is one such graph. To determine the composition of the equipment, you need to follow several sequential steps.

Graphical definition of the composition of equipment for hot water supply

Determine the number of permanent consumers.
Set the approximate volume of consumed water.
Based on these data, determine the recommended boiler volume.
Set the optimal degree of substitution of daily heat demand for solar energy.
Select roughly ("North" - "South") of your location.
Determine the intended orientation of the helium collectors.
Set the angle of inclination of the collectors in relation to the horizon.

After completing these steps, you will receive an approximate composition of the equipment that is necessary to meet your needs for hot water, namely the volume of the boiler, the number of collectors. And it is up to you to decide exactly how to use this equipment - as the main or auxiliary hot water supply system.

Knowing the composition of the DHW system, you can easily calculate the cost of all components, as well as approximately calculate the payback period of this equipment.